Likasa 98-10: Etalaje ya Banzela ya Arduino

Likasa 98-10: Etalaje ya Banzela ya Arduino

Dengu ya mabimbi ya balabala kele mosi ya ba sisteme ya konso mposo yina beto ke yindulaka ve mingi — tii kuna beto me tunga mosi. Na proje yai, nge ta sadila Arduino sambu na kusala ndonga ya mabimbi ya balabala ya kyeleka: matiti ya verde me yala, na nima ya jaune, na nima ya mbwaki, konso mosi na ntangu na yo ya kusoba, yina ke vutukilaka mvimba. Yo kele proje ya kukuma ya kuyantika ya mbote kibeni sambu yo ke longa mayele ya ntangu ya kulandana, kuyala ya babima mingi, mpi kuwakana na kati ya yina nge ke sonika na kode mpi yina nge ke mona na ntoto ya kyeleka.

Na nganda ya ndako ya kulonguka, mayele ya ntangu yina nge ke longuka awa ke monanaka na bisika yonso:

• Kutunga kifwani ya bimbi ya balabala ya kyeleka sambu na nzila ya mabimbi ya kifwani to diorama
• Kusala sisteme ya kidimbu ya ntangu sambu na atelier to garaje (mu mbandu, "mbote ya kukota" / "kutinga" bidimbu)
• Kulonguka fondasio ya bidimbu ya kusabuka ya bantu ya nzila ti ba faze ya kubutona
• Kusala prototipe ya ndonga ya relay ya ntangu sambu na bisalu ya industrie to ya kuyala na ndako
• Kulonga bana ya mayele ya kulandana, ntangu, mpi elektroniki ti kima ya me zabanaka

Kitini ya mbote koleka: kima yonso ke salaka yo mosi ntangu yo me kotisama. Nge ke programe Arduino mbala mosi katuka na ordinatere na nge, na nima nge ke pesa yo ngolo katuka na batri to adaptateur mpi yo ke salaka mvula na mvula — ordinatere kele ve na mfunu (na video na 12:27).

Mutindu Bimbi ya Balabala Ke Salaka

Bimbi ya balabala kele kaka ndonga ya ntangu ya babima tatu. Arduino ke pedisaka LED mosi na mbala mosi, ke vingila ntalu ya sekunde yina bo me tulaka, ke pedisaka yo, mpi ke kwendaka na yina ke landa. Ndonga yina ke vutukilaka. Na ntangu ya kifwani ya video, verde ke vandaka ti ntangu ya sekunde 3, jaune sekunde 1, mpi mbwaki sekunde 3 — kansi yai yonso ke sobamaka na kode (na video na 49:44).

Samu na nki ndonga yina ke monanaka bonso ya kyeleka kele sambu ntangu yina ke landaka mutindu ya kutambula ya bantu na balabala ya kyeleka: verde mpi mbwaki kele nda sambu ba vwaturi ke vandaka na mfunu ya ntangu ya kuluta na nzila, kansi jaune kele nkufi sambu yo kele kaka lukebisu ya kusoba. Nge lenda tulaka yo na ndonga yina nge ke zola.

Bima ya Kusadila mpi Bima ya Kutunga

Lisiti ya bima ya proje yai kele nkufi:

• 1 × Arduino (Uno, Nano, to Mega — konso kima yina kele ti ba pin ya digital 3 to mingi)
• 3 × LED (mbwaki, jaune/orange, mpi verde — mikubu ya kuswaswana ke salaka nde yo monana pwelele)
• 3 × rezistansi (300 Ω tii 1 kΩ ke salaka mbote; video ke sadilaka 1 kΩ)
• 1 × breadboard
• Ba fil ya kukangisa
• Kana nge zola: batri ya lithium-ion to adaptateur ya ngolo 5 V sambu na kusadila yo yo mosi

Video ke tulaka ndongisila ya kusadila ba LED tatu ya mikubu ya kuswaswana sambu mbwanga ya bimbi ya balabala monana mbala mosi — kana ve, nge ta vandaka na mfunu ya kutula ba nkombo na yo (na video na 02:04).

Kubakisa Nzayilu ya Kukanga Ngolo ya LED

LED yonso ke vandaka na mfunu ya rezistansi ya kukanga ngolo na ndonga. Sambu na nki: LED ke vandaka ti voltaze ya ntangu yina ke sobaka ve mingi (mbala mingi yo kele na nziunga ya 2 V sambu na ba LED ya 5 mm ya kifwani), mpi kana nge kangisa yo mbala mosi na 5 V, ngolo ya kukota ta tombuka mpi yo ta bebisa yo. Rezistansi ke bakaka voltaze ya kuluta.

Na kusadila nsiku ya Ohm, kana LED ke bakaka 2 V mpi ngolo ya kukota kele 5 V, ebuna 3 V fwete baka na rezistansi. Na ngolo ya kukota ya nziunga ya 10 mA, ntalu ya rezistansi ke kumaka nziunga ya 300 Ω (na video na 04:41). Na kisalu, konso kima katuka na 300 Ω tii 1 kΩ ta sala — ba ntalu ya nkaka ke salaka kaka nde LED kuma na mpimpa.

Ndongisila ya Kukangisa

LED yonso ke kangisamaka mutindu mosi: anode (dikulu ya nda) ke kangisamaka na pin ya digital ya Arduino, mpi cathode (dikulu ya nkufi, lweka ya patu ya nitu ya LED) ke kangisamaka na nzila ya rezistansi na ntoto.

Na kukangisa ya video, LED ya mbwaki ke kangisamaka na pin 2, LED ya jaune/orange na pin 3, mpi LED ya verde na pin 4 (na video na 50:50). Ba rezistansi yonso tatu ke kabisaka ntoto ya kimvuka na breadboard. Ndonga ya mikubu na breadboard kele na mfunu ve — yina kele na mfunu kele nde ba nimero ya pin na kode na nge kuwakana ti ba pin yina nge me sadila.

Likambo moko ya ntina uta na video: résistance ekoki kozala na ngambo moko ya LED. Okoki kotya yango kati ya pin ya Arduino mpe anode ya LED, to kati ya cathode ya LED mpe ground — na elektriki ezali ndenge moko (na video na 51:52).

Ndimbola ya Code

Programme mobimba ezali na nse ya article. Awa tokotalela biteni oyo okolinga kobongisa.

Na likolo ya sketch, ba définitions ya ba pins misato ezali kokangisa LED moko na moko na pin numérique. Soki okangisaki ba LED na yo na ba pins mosusu, bongisa ba valeurs oyo:

const int greenLED = 4;
const int yellowLED = 3;
const int redLED = 2;

Na sima eya ba constantes ya ntango. Oyo ezali kokamba ntango oyo lumière moko na moko etikali pɛto, na millisecondes. Video esalelaka 5000 ms mpo na vert, 1000 ms mpo na jaune, mpe 5000 ms mpo na rouge par défaut — kasi na tango ya démonstration ebongisamaki na 3 s / 1 s / 3 s, mpe na sima na 10 s / 3 s / 10 s (na video na 56:27):

const int greenOnTime = 5000;
const int yellowOnTime = 1000;
const int redOnTime = 5000;

Mpo na kobongisa rythme ya feu ya circulation na yo, bongisa kaka ba valeurs misato oyo. Olingi intersection ya malɛmbɛ mpe ya solo? Meka 10000, 3000, 10000. Olingi démo ya noki? Meka 1000, 300, 1000.

Na kati ya loop(), séquence ezali pete: pemisa vert, zela, pemisa vert; pemisa jaune, zela, pemisa jaune; pemisa rouge, zela, pemisa rouge; na sima zonga na vert. Moniteur série ezali kokoma mbongwana moko na moko ya état mpo okoka kotala soki ntango ekokani na oyo ozalaki kolikya.

Démonstration ya Live

Tango code etyamaki, Arduino ebimisaka cycle yango yango moko. Na video, LED vert epelaka liboso, na sima nsima ya ntango na yango jaune ebandaka mwa moke, na sima rouge, mpe cycle ebandaka lisusu mbala moko (na video na 55:20).

Moniteur série ezali kolakisa yango na makomi — "green LED on", "green off", "yellow on", mpe bongo na bongo — oyo ezali nzela malamu mpo kondima ete ba valeurs ya ntango na yo ezali kosala ndenge elingami. Tango ozali prêt mpo kosalela yango sans fil, longola USB mpe kangisa batterie lithium-ion to adaptateur 5 V; Arduino ekobanda kozonga na cycle sans ordinateur (na video na 56:11).

Ba projets oyo ekangami na video oyo

• Lesson 98-1: How to Turn On and Off an LED with Arduino
• Lesson 98-2: How to Turn On and Off an LED Using a Push Button with Arduino
• Lesson 98-3: How to Turn On/Off a Toggle LED Using a Push Button with Arduino
• Lesson 98-4: Fading an LED Light Using Arduino: Brightness Control
• Lesson 98-5: Fade Light When a Button Is Pressed Using Arduino
• Lesson 98-6: Seesaw LED Game with Arduino
• Lesson 98-7: Walking Light Using Arduino and 5 LEDs
• Lesson 98-8: Walking Light with Push Button and LEDs with Arduino
• Lesson 98-9: LED Voltage Level Meter Using Arduino or walking light with potentiometer

Ba chapitres

• [00:00] Overview of the 10 Arduino LED projects
• [01:22] Introduction to the Arduino step-by-step course
• [02:29] What is an LED: symbol, anode, and cathode
• [03:49] Calculating the LED current-limiting resistor
• [49:25] Introduction to the traffic light project
• [49:44] Traffic light timing explained
• [50:34] Wiring diagram for the traffic light
• [52:13] Code explanation for the traffic light
• [54:32] Live demonstration with serial monitor
• [55:30] Changing the timing values
• [56:11] Running the traffic light on battery power

Images

traffic light timing: green light

traffic light timing: yellow light

traffic light timing: red light

Schematic of Arduino traffic light

traffic_lights

Arduino LED traffic lights wiring

red, green and yellow leds on bread board for traffic light project

traffic light timing: green light

traffic light timing: yellow light

traffic light timing: red light

Schematic of Arduino traffic light

traffic_lights

Arduino LED traffic lights wiring

red, green and yellow leds on bread board for traffic light project

This code has not been parsed yet. Please return to the admin panel to parse it.