98-5 ya kati: Kobɔngisa mwinda tango butɔ́ ebɛ́támí na kosalela Arduino

98-5 ya kati: Kobɔngisa mwinda tango butɔ́ ebɛ́támí na kosalela Arduino

Mokanda oyo, okosala kitengemuke ekitimba ekiyimirira ku biragiro: nyiga akabokisi k'okunyiga, LED etandika mu butamivu obujjuvu, olwo kko ekyeyongera okukendeera mpaka kuzikira. Kino kye kimu ku ngeri ezisinga obukulu ez'okuyiga mu Arduino kubanga kigatta ekiyingira ky'ekibalangulo (akabokisi) n'ekifulumizibwa ky'ekibalangulo eky'ekika PWM (obutamivu bwa LED), era kikuyigiriza engeri y'okufuga omuvett n'obuwewufu bw'enkyukakyuka mu kifo ky'okukyusa kintu kati mu kuzikira oba okukuma.

Okukendeera ku bwetaavu kulabika buli wamu mu bintu bya nnamaddala. Wano waliwo engeri ntono ez'omugaso z'oyinza okukozesa ebyo by'oyiga wano:

• Amataala g'okulaga nga gazikira mpola — mu kifo ky'ettaba elyaka amangu, kikendeera mpola bw'onyiga akabokisi, era kino kirabika bulungi nnyo ku bintu by'omu nnyumba ne ku bisenge ebikolebwa mu 3D.
• Enkola y'okwebaka / okulindirira — nyiga akabokisi, LED eyaka ennyo ekendeera okutuuka ku kizikira, obutasobola kukutaataaganya ekiro, so ng'omuzungu gukyaali gukola.
• Okukendeera okutuuka ku kizikira mu kutendereza oba mu kutegeka eby'okulaga — akabokisi kamu ke kaviirako okukendeera mpola kw'olunyiriri lwa LED oba ekibaawo mu kifo ky'okukyusa amangu.
• Okulaga nga kiziganya amasanyalaze — okunyiga akabokisi okumala akaseera kikuwa okwakira okunywevu okukendeera, kale LED eyaka nnyo okumala akaseera katono.
• Eby'obukugu n'ebifaananyi ebikwatagana — enkola y'okussa omukka ogukendeera ey'okukwatibwa, nungi nnyo ku cosplay, dioramas, oba ebifaananyi by'omu muziyumu.

Ekigendererwa ekikulu kyelula: akabokisi kabuulira Arduino nti "tandika okukendeera kati," era Arduino etambuza obutamivu bwa LED okuva ku 255 (obujjuvu) okutuuka ku 0 (kizikira) mu ntambula ntono. Kubanga entambula ntono era zibaawo mangu, amaaso go galaba okukendeera okutaliimu bukyukakyuka mu kifo ky'okubuuka.

Bw'oba tokeberanga kukendeza LED, okufuga obutamivu okukulu kukubirizibwa mu Lesson 98-4: Fading an LED Light Using Arduino: Brightness Control. Omusomo guno guzimbibwa butereevu ku musingi ogwo nga gugattako akabokisi k'okunyiga ng'ekikwatiriza.

Ebikozesebwa n'Ebintu

Kino kizimbibwa mu nsimbi ntono nnyo — buli kintu wano kya kitongole kya starter-kit:

• Boodi ya Arduino (Uno, Nano, Mega, oba boodi yonna ekwatagana)
• LED emu (5 mm oba 3 mm, langi yonna)
• Akabokisi k'okunyiga kamu (akaseera, ekika kya 4-pin tactile kikola bulungi)
• Resistor emu ya LED — okuva ku 200 Ω okutuuka ku 1000 Ω (220 Ω oba 330 Ω eya bulijjo ye nnungi)
• Breadboard ne waya za DuPont
• Waya ya USB ey'okuteekamu pulogulaamu (ne bbaatiri oba adaputa ya 5 V bw'oyagala okukozesa awatali waya)

Ekirowoozo kitono ku resistor ya LED: LED yeetaaga paka 2 V okugiyitamu ne paka 10 mA ey'amazzi. N'amazzi ga 5 V, resistor erina okukendereza 3 V ezisigadde, kale etteeka lya Ohm liwa paka 300 Ω. Kyonna okuva ku 300 Ω okutuuka ku 1000 Ω kijja kukola — ebipimo ebisinga waggulu bikola LED okukendeera butono. Okukozesa resistor tekikyusibwa; awatali yo LED ejja kukozesa amazzi mangi nnyo era ekye okwokya.

Obuwandiisi bw'Ennyambala

Ennyambala ya waya ntono nnyo. Anode ya LED (omugere ogusinga obuwanvu) egattibwa ku resistor okutuuka ku pin ya dijito 3, ate cathode yayo (omugere omutono, n'olubaju olw'ekifaananyi ku kipimo) edda ku ground. Akabokisi k'okunyiga keegatta wakati wa pin ya dijito 2 ne ground — tekyetaagisa resistor ya pull-up ey'ebweru kubanga koodi ekkiriza pull-up ey'omunda eya Arduino.

Weefaananye ku ngeri ya LED: olubaju olw'ekifaananyi ku mubiri gwa pulasitika n'omugere omutono bikira cathode (ekizikiza). Bw'ogiteeka mu ngeri ey'omabega, LED tekyaka — tewabaawo kuzikirira, gikyusa bute.

Ku kabokisi k'okunyiga, bw'oba okozesa akabokisi ka 4-pin tactile, jjukira nti pins ziri mu bibiri: bibiri ku nnya buli kiseera bigattiddwa wamu. Kozesa multimeter mu ngeri ya continuity okuzuula ekibiri ekiwuuma bw'onyigibwa, olwo kozesa pin emu okuva ku buli lubaju. Olubaju olumu ludda ku pin 2, olulala ku ground.

Ennyinyonnyola ya Koodi

Sketch ni ntono, era buli kintu ky'oyinza okwagala okukyusa kiri mu layini ntono ku ntandikwa. Wano waliwo ebifuula by'omukozesa:

const int pushButtonPin = 2;//pin oyo ya push button switch ezwami na yango
const int LEDPin = 3;//pin oyo LED ezwami na yango
const int fadeAmount = 10;    // ntango ya kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole ya LED
const int fadeSpeed = 5;//ntango ya kokitisa na millisecondes. soki motuya moke, kokitisa ezali noki

pushButtonPin mpe LEDPin esengeli kaka kolakisa Arduino pin oyo okangaki biloko na yango. Soki otindi bouton na pin 4 to LED na pin 9 (pin oyo ezali na PWM), kaka bobongola mituya mibale oyo mpo ekokana na bokangami na yo. Zala na likebi ete pin ya LED esengeli ezala na PWM — na Uno yango ezali pin 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, to 11 — mpo kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole esengeli analogWrite().

fadeAmount elakisi bonene ya etape moko moko ya pole. Pole ebandaka na 0 tii 255, yango fadeAmount ya 10 elakisi ete LED ekokitisa na bitape pene na 25. Motuya monene ekosalisa kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole noki mpe makasi; motuya moke ekosalisa yango pete mpe malembe.

fadeSpeed ezali ntango ya kozela na millisecondes kati ya etape moko mpe mosusu. Yango ezali elembo ya liboso mpe ya ntina koleka mpo na ndenge effect eyokamaka. Motuya ya 5 ms epesaka kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole noki; motuya ya 30 ms to koleka epesaka kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole malembe mpe kitoko. Elongo na fadeAmount, mituya mibale oyo epesaka yo nzela ya kobongisa kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole ndenge okolingi.

Ezali mpe na variable ya kati oyo esengeli koyeba:

int brightness = 255;    // ndenge LED engengisami
int pushButtonStatus = 0; // motuya ya push uta pin 2

brightness ebandaka na 255, elakisi ete LED ebandaka na pole mobimba ntango nyonso otindi bouton. Soki olingi ete kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole ebanda na esika ya moke — ndakisa, kati ya pole — bobongola yango na 128.

Logique yango moko ezali boye: loop etangaka bouton. Soki etindami (LOW, mpo na pull-up ya kati), while loop ebimaka ntango nyonso brightness ezali likolo ya zelo. Na kati ya loop yango Arduino ekoma brightness ya sikoyo na LED, ekitisa fadeAmount, ezela fadeSpeed millisecondes, mpe ebongela lisusu. Soki bouton etindami te, LED ekoma kaka 0 mpe ekofanda pembe.

Likambo moko ya ntina: pull-up ya kati elakisi ete pin etangaka HIGH soki bouton etindami te mpe LOW soki etindami. Yango wana code etalelaka LOW mpo na koyeba soki etindami. Soki okomi kosalela résistance ya libanda ya pull-down, okosengeli kobongola comparaison yango na HIGH.

Projet ya bomoi mpe Demonstration

Soki etindami, ezaleli ekomonana mbala moko mpe esepelisi. Tinda bouton mpe LED ekopumbwa na pole mobimba, sima ekokitisa mpe kokomisa pole na miso na yo tii ekokoma zelo na ntango oyo yo okambaka. Tika bouton mpe LED ekokoma molili; tinda lisusu mpe kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole ebanda lisusu uta pole mobimba.

Na video kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole elakisami na mabongisi ebele mpo oyoka mpe omone ndefisa. Na fadeAmount = 20 kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole ezali noki mpe makasi — ekokoma zelo na bitape moke ya komonana. Kokita na fadeAmount = 10 epetolaka yango mingi, mpe kokende na fadeAmount = 3 esalaka ete kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole ewumela mingi mpe emonana lokola ezali kokoba. Motuya ya fadeSpeed ezali na effet ya monene ndenge moko: kotiya yango na 1 ms esalaka ete kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole ezala pene na mbala moko, wana mituya minene epanzaka yango.

Meka experiment oyo: tya fadeAmount = 5 mpe fadeSpeed = 30. Okokuta kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole malembe mpe pete oyo emonanaka lokola pole ya molili ezali kolala. Sima tya fadeAmount = 50 mpe fadeSpeed = 1 mpo na bokati makasi mpe noki. Moko te ezali "mabe" — ezali mobimba na likambo ya ndenge olingi.

Ezaleli ya kobongola ya bouton moko emonisami na esika mosusu na Lesson 98-3: How to Turn On/Off a Toggle LED Using a Push Button with Arduino, mpe version ya pete ya kofina mpo na kongengisa ezali na Lesson 98-2: How to Turn On and Off an LED Using a Push Button with Arduino.

Mpo ete kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole ebandaka na contact ya ntango moke, circuit oyo moko ezali malamu mpo na kosalela relais to MOSFET na esika ya LED — okoki kokitisa mpe kokomisa pole ya lamp ya 12 V, ebandeli ya pete ya moteur, to kobakisa molunge ya élément ya chauffage. Bouton ezali kaka déclencheur; oyo okokitisa mpe kokomisa pole ezali na maboko na yo.

Ba projets oyo ezali na boyokani na video oyo

• Lesson 98-1: How to Turn On and Off an LED with Arduino
• Lesson 98-2: How to Turn On and Off an LED Using a Push Button with Arduino
• Lesson 98-3: How to Turn On/Off a Toggle LED Using a Push Button with Arduino
• Lesson 98-4: Fading an LED Light Using Arduino: Brightness Control
• Lesson 98-6: Seesaw LED Game with Arduino
• Lesson 98-7: Walking Light Using Arduino and 5 LEDs
• Lesson 98-8: Walking Light with Push Button and LEDs with Arduino
• Lesson 98-9: LED Voltage Level Meter Using Arduino or walking light with potentiometer
• Lesson 98-10: Arduino Traffic Light

Chapitres

• [00:00] Nkɔkɔmɔ ya mikɔlɔ 10 ya LED
• [01:00] Ebimiseli ya kelasi ya Arduino na ndenge ya mokemoke
• [02:29] Mambi ya LED: bilembo, polarité, mpe courant
• [03:49] Kokokisa résistance ya LED na mobeko ya Ohm
• [05:53] Mosala 1: Kopelisa mpe kozimisa LED
• [12:43] Mosala 2: LED na bouton ya kobimisa
• [17:13] Mosala 3: Kobongola LED na bouton ya kobimisa
• [20:12] Mosala 4: Kozimisa LED malembe malembe
• [23:20] Mosala 5: Kozimisa LED malembe malembe na bouton ya kobimisa
• [27:32] Mosala 6: LED ya kiti ya koningana
• [30:47] Mosala 7: Pole ya kotambola
• [36:41] Mosala 8: Pole ya kotambola na bouton ya kobimisa
• [42:25] Mosala 9: Emekeli ya niveau ya voltage ya LED
• [49:25] Mosala 10: Ndaku ya nzela ya Arduino

Images

Arduino wiring for LED with a push button switch

Arduino schematic for LED with a push button switch

LED-5mm-green

330_ohm_resistor

LED with resistor on breadboard connected to Arduino with a push button

Arduino wiring for LED with a push button switch

Arduino schematic for LED with a push button switch

LED-5mm-green

330_ohm_resistor

LED with resistor on breadboard connected to Arduino with a push button

This code has not been parsed yet. Please return to the admin panel to parse it.