Darasi na 20/31: Nuna nisan Ultrasonic akan LCD1602

Darasi na 20/31: Nuna nisan Ultrasonic akan LCD1602

Wannan saitin na iya amfani da shi a cikin aikace-aikace daban-daban na gaske, ciki har da:

• Ƙirƙirar mataimakin ajiye motoci mai wayo wanda ke taimaka muku auna nisa zuwa bango ko wata mota.
• Gina mai kula da matakin ruwa mai sauƙi don tanki ta hanyar auna nisa daga sama zuwa saman.
• Haɓaka na'urar rarraba maganin hana ƙwayoyin cuta ta atomatik ko kwandon shara mara taɓawa wanda ke buɗewa idan abu ya kasance kusa.
• Gina ƙararrawar tsaro ta asali wacce ke kunna lokacin da wani ya shiga wani yanki na musamman.

Kayan aiki da Abubuwan Haɗi

Don gina wannan aikin, za ku buƙaci waɗannan abubuwan:

• Allon Arduino (misali, Uno)
• Nunin LCD1602 tare da tsarin haɗin I2C
• Firikwensin nisa na ultrasonic HC-SR04
• Wayoyin haɗi (jumper wires)
• Allon breadboard (na zaɓi, don sauƙaƙe haɗi)

Fahimtar LCD1602 da I2C

LCD1602 sanannen nunin ne wanda ke iya nuna haruffa 16 a kowane layi a cikin layi biyu. Tsarin "I2C" a bayansa yana da fa'ida mai mahimmanci saboda yana rage yawan fil ɗin da ake buƙata don sarrafa nunin daga 6 ko fiye zuwa 2 kawai don sadarwa (SDA da SCL) da 2 don wutar lantarki (VCC da GND). Wannan sauƙaƙawa yana sa wayoyi su kasance masu tsabta kuma yana 'yantar da fil ɗin dijital masu mahimmanci akan Arduino don wasu firikwensin, kamar na ultrasonic da aka yi amfani da shi a wannan aikin. (a cikin bidiyo a 01:30)

Tsarin I2C kuma yana da ƙaramin potentiometer don daidaita bambancin nunin. Idan kun kunna nunin kuma ba ku ga komai ba, gwada juya wannan dunƙule har sai rubutun ya bayyana. (a cikin bidiyo a 02:47)

Jagorar Haɗin Wayoyi

Haɗa abubuwan yana da sauƙi. Tsarin I2C na LCD yana da fil huɗu waɗanda ake buƙatar haɗa su zuwa Arduino. Ga firikwensin ultrasonic, yana da fil huɗu kuma.

Ga cikakken bayanin haɗin:

Tsarin I2C na LCD1602 zuwa Arduino:

• GND zuwa GND na Arduino
• VCC zuwa 5V na Arduino
• SDA zuwa A4 na Arduino
• SCL zuwa A5 na Arduino

Firikwensin ultrasonic HC-SR04 zuwa Arduino:

• VCC zuwa 5V na Arduino
• Trig zuwa fil ɗin dijital 12 na Arduino
• Echo zuwa fil ɗin dijital 11 na Arduino
• GND zuwa GND na Arduino

Zanen haɗin wayoyi na wannan aikin an nuna shi a cikin bidiyo.

Shigar da Laburaren da Ake Bukata

Wannan aikin ya dogara da laburare biyu masu mahimmanci. Na farko, LiquidCrystal_I2C, ana buƙatar shi don sarrafa LCD kuma ba a haɗa shi da Arduino IDE ta asali ba. Kuna iya sauke shi daga hanyar haɗin da aka bayar a cikin bayanin bidiyo ko daga gidan yanar gizon Robojax. (a cikin bidiyo a 06:16)

Laburaren na biyu, NewPing, ana amfani da shi don sadarwa da firikwensin ultrasonic. Yana sauƙaƙe tsarin aika ping da karanta lokacin echo. Ana iya shigar da duka laburaren ta hanyar Manajan Laburare na Arduino IDE ta zuwa Sketch -> Include Library -> Manage Libraries da bincika sunayensu.

Bayanin Lambar

Wannan sketch ɗin yana haɗa aikin LCD da firikwensin ultrasonic. An tsara lambar don sauƙin daidaitawa ga saitinku na musamman.

A saman lambar, za ku sami mahimman masu canji waɗanda kuke iya buƙatar daidaitawa:

// Saita adireshin LCD zuwa 0x27 don nunin haruffa 16 da layi 2
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, displayChars, displayRows);

#define TRIGGER_PIN  12  // Fil ɗin Arduino da ke da alaƙa da fil ɗin trigger akan firikwensin ultrasonic.
#define ECHO_PIN     11  // Fil ɗin Arduino da ke da alaƙa da fil ɗin echo akan firikwensin ultrasonic.
#define MAX_DISTANCE 190 // Matsakaicin nisa da muke son auna (a santimita).

• Adireshin LCD (0x27): Wannan adireshin I2C ne na tsarin LCD ɗinku. Yawancin tsarin suna amfani da 0x27, amma wasu na iya amfani da 0x3F. Idan nunin bai nuna komai ba, kuna iya buƙatar gudanar da sketch ɗin binciken I2C don nemo adireshin da ya dace kuma sabunta wannan ƙimar. (a cikin bidiyo a 08:11)
• TRIGGER_PIN da ECHO_PIN: Waɗannan suna bayyana fil ɗin dijital na Arduino waɗanda aka haɗa zuwa fil ɗin Trig da Echo na firikwensin ultrasonic. Idan kuna amfani da fil daban, canza waɗannan ma'anoni.
• MAX_DISTANCE: Wannan yana saita matsakaicin nisa a santimita wanda firikwensin zai auna. HC-SR04 na iya auna har zuwa 400-500cm, amma saita ƙimar ƙasa na iya inganta daidaito da amincin karatun, musamman ga gajerun nisa.

A cikin aikin loop(), lambar tana yin waɗannan matakai:

1. Yana amfani da aikin sonar.ping_cm() don auna nisa kuma ya adana shi a cikin ma'aunin distance.
2. Yana share LCD ɗin kuma ya buga rubutun "Robojax.com" a layi na farko.
3. Sannan ya saita alamar zuwa layi na biyu kuma ya buga "Distance: ".
4. A ƙarshe, yana motsa alamar zuwa matsayi na 10 a layi na biyu don buga ƙimar distance da aka auna sannan kuma "cm".

delay(200) a ƙarshen madauki yana sarrafa sau nawa firikwensin ke ɗaukar sabon karatu kuma ya sabunta nunin.

Nunin Lambar

Da zarar an ɗora lambar zuwa Arduino ɗinka, LCD ɗin zai haskaka kuma ya fara nuna nisa. Kana iya gwada saitin ta hanyar motsa hannunka ko wani abu kusa da nesa daga firikwensin ultrasonic. Lambar a kan allo ya kamata ta sabunta a lokaci-lokaci, tana nuna nisa a santimita. (a cikin bidiyo a 38:07)

Ayyukan da suka shafi wannan bidiyo

• Darasi na 20/31: Amfani da LCD1602 tare da Arduino don nuna rubutu | Robojax
• Darasi na 20/31: Nuna zafin jiki da ɗanshi daga DHT11 akan allon LCD
• Darasi na 20/31: Nuna wutar lantarki akan LCD1602

Babuka

• [00:00] Gabatarwa ga LCD1602 da Bayanin Aikin
• [01:30] Bayanin Kayan Aikin LCD1602 da Module na I2C
• [03:14] Tsarin Pin na LCD da Saitin Adireshin I2C
• [05:28] Tsarin Wayoyi don LCD1602
• [06:16] Shigar da Laburaren LCD da Ake Bukata
• [07:24] Lambar Farko don Buga Rubutu akan LCD
• [08:11] Nemo Adireshin I2C na LCD ɗinka
• [11:10] Misalan LCD: Alamar Kyaftawa da Haruffa na Musamman
• [18:51] Misalin LCD: Nuni na Serial da Rubutu Mai Juyawa
• [24:36] Nuna Zafin Jiki da Ɗanshi na DHT11 akan LCD
• [33:00] Nuna Wutar Lantarki daga Potentiometer akan LCD
• [35:56] Haɗa Lambar Firikwensin Ultrasonic tare da LCD
• [38:07] Nunin Nisan Ultrasonic

Hotuna

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