Kokamba ya kotambwisa ba moteur DC na TB6612FNG mpe Arduino

Kokamba ya kotambwisa ba moteur DC na TB6612FNG mpe Arduino

Na boyekoli oyo, tokoyekola ndenge ya kokamba mbangu mpe etamboli ya ba moteur DC na kosalela module ya moteur driver TB6612FNG. Esika oyo ekopesa biso nzela ya kotambwisa ba moteur mibale na bosepeli, mpe ekopesa biso nzela ya kosala ba robot na ba roue to ba projet ya mécanique. Na yango, tokotalela ndenge ya kosalela Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) mpo na kokamba mbangu ya moteur na moto na moto, mpe kokomisa makoki ya mouvement ya projet na yo.

Na boyekoli oyo mobimba, tokosalela carte Arduino elongo na carte breakout TB6612FNG mpe ba moteur DC mibale. TB6612FNG ezali mbongwana monene koleka ba driver bipolaire ya kala lokola L298N mpo ete esalelaka ba MOSFET ya efficacité ya likolo. Oyo ezali malamu mingi mpo na ba application oyo esalelaka ba batterie esika endurance mpe efficacité ya énergie ezali nécessité, mpo ete driver oyo epesaka moteur mingi makasi na nzela ya pasi te mpe esengaka te heatsink monene.

Mpo na koyeba malamu mingi na tina ya mise en place mpe programmation, tala vidéo oyo elandi na (na vidéo na 00:00).

Explication ya Hardware

Ba composants ya liboso na projet oyo ezali driver ya moteur TB6612FNG, microcontroller (Arduino), mpe ba moteur DC mibale. Driver TB6612FNG azwaka ba signaux logiques ya courant moke kowuta na Arduino mpe asalelaka yango mpo na kobongola courant monene kowuta na batterie mpo na ba moteur. Ezali na ba pins oyo ebongisami mpo na puissance logique, puissance ya moteur, contrôle ya direction (AIN1, AIN2, BIN1, BIN2), mpe contrôle ya mbangu (PWMA, PWMB).

Ba moteur DC bazwaka puissance oyo ebongolami kowuta na ba pins ya sortie ya driver (A01/A02 mpe B01/B02) mpo na kobima. Pin ya standby (STBY) ezali lokola interrupteur ya liboso, mpe epesaka nzela ya kokanga ba moteur noki mpe kotia puce na état ya kopema na énergie moke. Chaque composant azali na rôle ya ntina mpo na komeka ete système ya conduite esala malamu mpe na efficacité.

Détails ya Datasheet

• Komeka ete ba niveaux ya tension ezali malamu (koyokanisa VCC na 5V ya Arduino na yo to 3.3V ya ESP32 na yo).

• Pesa alimentation ya batterie ya séparé mpo na pin VM (Puissance ya Moteur).

• Keba mpo na kosangisa ba grounds nyonso (batterie, Arduino, mpe module) mpo na kopekisa ba comportements ya mabe.

• Meka ba connexions liboso ya kopelisa mpo na kopekisa ba courts-circuits.

• Mika tango nyonso ete pin STBY ezali na likolo (HIGH), soki te ba moteur ekotambola te.

Ba Instructions ya Câblage

Bandisa na kosangisa puissance mpe terre mpo na ba composants nyonso. Sangisa terre ya Arduino na yo na rail négatif ya breadboard na yo. Na sima, sangisa fil ya positif ya batterie externe na pin VM na driver ya moteur, mpe pin 5V ya Arduino na pin VCC na driver.

Na sima, câbler ba entrées logiques: sangisa AIN1 na pin digitale 2 na Arduino, AIN2 na pin digitale 4, mpe PWMA na pin oyo ekoki na PWM, lokola pin digitale 5. Mpo na moteur ya mibale, sangisa BIN1 na 7, BIN2 na 8, mpe PWMB na pin 6. Komeka ete osangisi pin STBY na pin digitale 9.

Mpo na sortie na ba moteur, sangisa ba terminaux mibale ya moteur DC ya liboso na A01 mpe A02. Sangisa moteur DC ya mibale na B01 mpe B02. Tala mibale ete ba grounds nyonso ezali na rail commune ya terre.

Ba Exemples ya Code & Explication

Tala ba identifiants mpe ba extraits ya code oyo esalelami na projet. Etinda ya liboso ya code ebandisi ba pins mpo na contrôle ya direction, mbangu, mpe standby:

const int AIN1 = 2;const int AIN2 = 4;const int PWMA = 5;const int STBY = 9;

Awa, AIN1 mpe AIN2 basengeli mpo na kokamba direction ya Moteur A, ntango PWMA ekosalema mpo na contrôle ya mbangu na nzela ya PWM. STBY epesaka Arduino nzela ya kolamusa puce to kotia yango na kopema.

Na sima, fonction ya mise en place ebongisi ba pins oyo lokola ba sorties mpe elamusa puce:

void setup() {  pinMode(AIN1, OUTPUT);  pinMode(AIN2, OUTPUT);  pinMode(PWMA, OUTPUT);  pinMode(STBY, OUTPUT);    // Enable the motor driver  digitalWrite(STBY, HIGH);}

Bapɔli ya pinMode() ezali kotia ba pin na ndenge ya kobimisa. Kotia STBY na HIGH ekolakisa ete TB6612FNG ezali na likebi mpe ebongisami mpo na koyamba mitindo.

Na fonction ya boucle, tozali kotinda moteur ete ezongola liboso na vitesse ya koleka, esukaki, mpe na sima ezongola na sima:

void loop() {  // Liboso na vitesse ya koleka  digitalWrite(AIN1, HIGH);  digitalWrite(AIN2, LOW);  analogWrite(PWMA, 255);  delay(2000);  // Kokanga (Coast)  digitalWrite(AIN1, LOW);  digitalWrite(AIN2, LOW);  analogWrite(PWMA, 0);  delay(1000);}

Awa, kotia AIN1 na HIGH mpe AIN2 na LOW ezali koloba na H-bridge ya kati ete epusaka courant na direction moko. analogWrite(PWMA, 255) ezali kotia vitesse ya koleka. Mpo na kokanga, tozali kobimisa ba pin nyonso mibale na LOW.

Mpo na ba détail mosusu mpe code ya mobimba oyo ezali na contrôle ya ba moteur mibale mpe ba fonctions ya personalisé, tala programme ya mobimba oyo ekomami na nse ya article.

Démonstration / Nini Okokanela

Ntango ba connexions esili mpe code ekomami, okomona moteur ezongola liboso na secondes mibale, epema na secondes moko, mpe ezongela cycle (soki obakisi logique ya kozongisa na sima, ekobima na sima na sima). Tika ete moteur eyamba bien ba signaux PWM; soki ezongoli na sima ntango ozali kolikia ete ezongola liboso, kaka bongola ba fils oyo ezali connecté na A01 mpe A02 (na vidéo na 12:30).

Ba erreurs ya mbala mingi ezali kokanisa te ete STBY pin esengeli kotiama na HIGH, to koluka kopesa ba moteur courant directement na pin 5V ya Arduino na esika ya batterie ya particulier na pin VM, oyo ekoki kosala ete Arduino ezongela na sima na ntango ya charge ya kilo. Tika ete otonga bien ba sources ya courant mpe ba grounds oyo ezali partagé.

Images

TB6612FNG_motor_driver-4

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TB6612FNG_motor_driver-2

TB6612FNG_motor_driver-1

TB6612FNG_motor_driver-0

TB6612FNG_motor_driver-4

TB6612FNG_motor_driver-3

TB6612FNG_motor_driver-2

TB6612FNG_motor_driver-1

TB6612FNG_motor_driver-0