Darasi na 07: Samun Ƙarin 5V da GND daga Arduino | Kwas ɗin Arduino Mataki-mataki
A cikin wannan darasi daga Robojax Arduino Step By Step Course, muna bincika mafita mai amfani ga matsala gama gari: ƙarewar haɗin 5V da GND a kan allo na Arduino. Ko kana gina aikin da ke buƙatar samar da wutar lantarki ga servo motor, LCD display, ultrasonic sensor, ko haɗin na'urori, ƙarancin fil ɗin wutar lantarki a kan Arduino Uno ko Nano na iya zama matsala cikin sauri. Wannan jagorar tana nuna yadda za ka yi amfani da kowane fil ɗin I/O na dijital a matsayin ƙarin tushen 5V ko kuma a matsayin haɗin ƙasa, yana ba ka sassauci don samar da wutar lantarki ga abubuwa da yawa ba tare da buƙatar wutar lantarki ta waje don na'urori masu ƙarancin wutar ba.
Wannan dabara tana da amfani musamman ga aikace-aikace na gaske da yawa, ciki har da:
- Samar da wutar lantarki ga ƙaramin OLED ko LCD display tare da servo motor a cikin aiki ɗaya.
- Samar da wutar lantarki ga na'urori masu yawa, kamar ultrasonic sensor da PIR motion detector, a lokaci ɗaya.
- Ƙirƙirar saitunan gwaji na wucin gadi a kan breadboard inda kake buƙatar tushen wutar lantarki mai sauri da sauƙi ga sabon module.
- Tuki LEDs masu ƙarancin wutar ko da'irori na matakin logic waɗanda ke buƙatar tsabtataccen tushen 5V.
Fahimtar Iyakokin Wutar Lantarki na Arduino
Kafin mu shiga cikin mafita, yana da mahimmanci mu fahimci tsarin wutar lantarki na allo na Arduino. A kan daidaitaccen Arduino Uno, yawanci kana da fil ɗin 5V guda ɗaya da aka keɓe. Wasu allunan na ɓangare na uku, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin bidiyo, na iya samun fil ɗin 5V na biyu, amma ko da haka, kana iya buƙatar ƙari (a cikin bidiyo a 00:26).
Adadin wutar da za ka iya ɗauka daga waɗannan fil ɗin ya dogara da tushen wutar ka. Idan kana samar da wutar lantarki ga allo ta USB, wutar tana iyakance ta tashar USB ko caja da kake amfani da ita—alal misali, caja 1A zai ba da damar har zuwa 1A, yayin da caja 2.4A zai ba da damar ƙari (a cikin bidiyo a 01:55). Idan kana amfani da barrel jack tare da samar da 7-12V, wutar tana iyakance ta AMS1117 voltage regulator chip na kan allo, wanda ke da iyakar wutar na yau da kullun na 1.1A (a cikin bidiyo a 02:20).
Yana da mahimmanci kuma a lura da ICSP header a kan allo. Kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin bidiyo, wannan header yana ba da damar shiga fil ɗin SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), kuma fil ɗin da ke gefen dama shine ainihin VCC (5V), yayin da fil ɗin na ƙarshe shine GND (a cikin bidiyo a 00:54). Wannan yana ba ka wani wuri na jiki don shiga cikin layin 5V.
Duk da haka, iyakar da ta fi mahimmanci don tunawa ita ce ga fil ɗin I/O na dijital. Bisa ga takaddun hukuma na Arduino, kowane fil ɗin dijital na iya samarwa ko ɗaukar matsakaicin 20 milliamps (mA) (a cikin bidiyo a 03:30). Wannan ya fi isa ga LEDs, da'irori na logic, da na'urori masu yawa, amma bai isa ba ga na'urori masu ƙarfin wutar kamar motors ko high-power servos. Ga waɗannan, ya kamata ka koyaushe yi amfani da babban fil ɗin 5V ko tushen wutar lantarki na waje.
Kayan aiki da Abubuwan Haɗi
Don wannan nunin, za ka buƙaci waɗannan abubuwan:
- 1x allo na Arduino (Uno, Nano, ko makamancin haka)
- 1x LED (kowane launi)
- 1x resistor 1kΩ
- 1x Breadboard
- Jumper wires
- (Na zaɓi) LCD 1602 Display ko Relay module don nunin
Jagorar Haɗin Waya
Haɗin waya don wannan aikin yana da sauƙi, domin ya ƙunshi haɗa fil ɗin dijital zuwa layin wutar lantarki na abin ka da wani fil ɗin dijital zuwa ƙasarsa. A cikin bidiyo, malamin yana nuna wannan ta hanyar samar da wutar lantarki ga LED.
Ga yadda za ka saita shi:
- Haɗa LED: Haɗa anode (ƙafar da ta fi tsayi) na LED zuwa fil ɗin dijital 5 a kan Arduino ta hanyar resistor 1kΩ mai iyakance wutar.
- Haɗa Ƙasa: Haɗa cathode (ƙafar da ta fi guntu) na LED kai tsaye zuwa fil ɗin dijital 2 a kan Arduino.
Wannan da'irar mai sauƙi tana ba da damar fil 5 ya zama tushen 5V kuma fil 2 ya zama ƙasa, yana kammala da'irar (a cikin bidiyo a 06:05).
Don hanya mafi dacewa da za a iya faɗaɗa, za ka iya amfani da breadboard don rarraba wutar, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin bidiyo. Ta hanyar haɗa layin wutar lantarki na ja na breadboard zuwa fil 5 da layin ƙasa na shuɗi/baƙi zuwa fil 2, za ka iya samar da wutar lantarki ga abubuwa da yawa cikin sauƙi ta hanyar shigar da su cikin layukan da suka dace (a cikin bidiyo a 06:59).
Bayanin Lambar
Lambar da aka bayar don wannan darasi tana da sauƙi na musamman, domin manufarta kawai ita ce saita fil ɗin dijital biyu don yin aiki a matsayin fil ɗin samar da wutar lantarki. Mabuɗin wannan aikin yana cikin ma'anar tsari guda biyu da aka ayyana a saman sketch.
Ga ɓangaren lambar da mai amfani zai iya canza:
#define VCC2 5 // ayyana fil 5 ko kowane fil ɗin dijital anan a matsayin VCC2
#define GND2 2 // ayyana fil 2 ko kowane fil ɗin dijital a matsayin Ground 2Waɗannan layukan biyu sune tushen keɓancewa. Umurnin #define umurni ne na preprocessor wanda ke gaya wa mai haɗa Arduino ya maye gurbin kowane wurin VCC2 da lambar 5 da kowane wurin GND2 da lambar 2 kafin a haɗa lambar. Wannan yana sauƙaƙa musamman canza fil ɗin da kake amfani da su don wutar lantarki. Idan kana son amfani da fil 8 a matsayin tushen 5V, kawai ka canza 5 zuwa 8 a layin farko. Hakazalika, za ka iya canza fil ɗin ƙasa ta hanyar gyara layin na biyu.
setup(). Yana saita fil ɗin da aka ayyana a matsayin VCC2 ya zama OUTPUT sannan ya rubuta shi HIGH, wanda ke fitar da 5V. Akasin haka, yana saita fil ɗin da aka ayyana a matsayin GND2 ya zama OUTPUT sannan ya rubuta shi LOW, wanda ke sa shi ya zama haɗin ƙasa. Da zarar an yi wannan a cikin setup(), fil ɗin za su ci gaba da kasancewa a yanayinsu na tsawon lokacin da Arduino ke da wutar lantarki, kuma za ka iya ƙara babban tsarin shirinka zuwa aikin loop().
Nunin Aikin Kai Tsaye
A cikin bidiyon, malamin yana nuna manufar ta hanyar loda code ɗin a kan Arduino. Da zarar an ɗora shi, LED ɗin da aka haɗa tsakanin fil 5 da fil 2 yana kunna nan take, yana tabbatar da cewa fil 5 yana ba da wutar lantarki kuma fil 2 yana jan wutar a matsayin ƙasa. Don ƙara bayyana batun, ya nuna cewa motsa haɗin wutar LED ɗin zuwa wani fil ɗin dijital daban wanda ba a saita shi ba, yana sa LED ɗin ya ƙi kunna, saboda wannan fil ɗin ba a saita shi don fitar da 5V ba (a cikin bidiyo a 06:37).
Nunin kuma ya haɗa da misali mai amfani ta amfani da breadboard. Ta hanyar haɗa fil ɗin 5V zuwa layin wutar breadboard ɗin da fil ɗin ƙasa zuwa layin ƙasa, ya kunna nunin 1602 LCD da kuma relay module a lokaci ɗaya. Wannan yana nuna yadda za ka iya amfani da wannan dabara don ƙirƙirar ƙaramin tsarin rarraba wutar lantarki na musamman don ƙananan kayan aikin da ke amfani da ƙaramin wutar, yana kiyaye wayoyinka a tsabta da tsari (a cikin bidiyo a 06:59).
Ƙarshe
Wannan darasin yana ba da dabara mai sauƙi amma mai ƙarfi don faɗaɗa iyawar Arduino ɗinka. Ta hanyar sake ayyana fil ɗin dijital a matsayin tushen wutar lantarki, za ka iya magance matsalar gama gari na ƙarancin haɗin 5V da GND. Ka tuna da muhimmin iyakar 20mA a kowane fil, kuma za ka iya amfani da wutar lantarki lafiya ga nau'ikan na'urori masu auna da ƙananan modules a cikin ayyukanka na gaba.
Babuka
- [00:00] Gabatarwa da Bayanin Fil ɗin 5V
- [00:54] Fahimtar ICSP Header da Fil ɗin SPI
- [01:55] Iyakokin Wutar Lantarki Dangane da Tushen Wutar
- [03:30] Iyakokin Wutar Fil ɗin Dijital da Amfaninsu
- [04:51] Bayanin Code don Ƙirƙirar Ƙarin 5V da GND
- [06:05] Nunin Haɗin Waya tare da LED
- [06:59] Faɗaɗa tare da Rarraba Wutar Breadboard
Hotuna
/*
* S01-07 Additional 5V or GND pin.
If your Arduino board voltage is 3.3V, then we will get 3.3V and GND pin
* Arduino Sketch to give you extra 5V pin from Arduino
Please watch video instruction here https://youtu.be/pQKrl5Kpi50
This code is available at http://robojax.com/course1/?vid=lecture07
with over 100 lectures Free On YouTube. Watch it here http://robojax.com/L/?id=338
Get the code for the course: http://robojax.com/L/?id=339
* Written by Ahmad Shamshiri for Robojax, robojax.com http://youtube.com/robojaxTV
* on Jan 01, 2019 at 08:54 in Ajax, Ontario, Canada
*
*/
#define VCC2 5 // define pin 5 or any other digital pin here as VCC2
#define GND2 2 // define pin 2 or any other digital pin as Ground 2
void setup() {
pinMode(VCC2,OUTPUT);//define a digital pin as output
digitalWrite(VCC2, HIGH);// set the above pin as HIGH so it acts as 5V
pinMode(GND2,OUTPUT);//define a digital pin as output
digitalWrite(GND2, LOW);// set the above pin as LOW so it acts as Ground
}
void loop() {
//Robojax Step By Step Arduino Course http://robojax.com/L/?id=338
}Albarkatun da kuma shafukan da za a duba
-
Waje
-
Waje
-
Waje
-
Ciki
Fayiloli📁
Babu fayiloli da ake da su.
