Koyarwar ESP32 16/55 - Ƙaramin Famfon Ruwa ta amfani da ESP32 da L293D | Kayan Koyon IoT na ESP32 na SunFounder
A cikin wannan koyawa, za mu koyi yadda ake sarrafa famfon ruwa na 5V ta amfani da microcontroller na ESP32 da direban motar L293D. Wannan aikin babban gabatarwa ne ga amfani da direbobin mota tare da microcontrollers, yana ba ka damar sarrafa na'urorin da ke buƙatar ƙarin wutar lantarki fiye da yadda microcontroller zai iya bayarwa kai tsaye. A ƙarshen wannan koyawa, za ka sami famfon ruwa mai aiki wanda za a iya kunna shi da kashe shi ta hanyar shirye-shirye.

ESP32 microcontroller ne mai ƙarfi wanda ya zo da damar Wi-Fi da Bluetooth na ciki, yana sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen IoT. Direban motar L293D ana amfani da shi don sarrafa famfon ruwa ta hanyar sarrafa mafi girman wutar da ake buƙata don motsa motar. Wannan saitin yana ba mu damar farawa da dakatar da famfon yayin da muke tabbatar da cewa ESP32 ya kasance lafiya daga yawan wutar da ake ɗauka.
Bayanin Kayan Aiki
A cikin wannan aikin, muna amfani da microcontroller na ESP32, wanda aka san shi da iyawarsa da zaɓuɓɓukan haɗin kai. Yana iya aiki kamar Arduino yayin da yake ba da ƙarin fasaloli kamar Wi-Fi da Bluetooth. Direban motar L293D yana aiki a matsayin mai haɗin kai tsakanin ESP32 da famfon ruwa, yana ba da damar sarrafa aikin famfon ba tare da ɗaukar nauyi fiye da kima ga microcontroller ba.
L293D yana da H-bridges guda biyu, yana ba shi damar sarrafa alkibla da saurin motar. Kowane H-bridge na iya motsa mota a kowace hanya, yana sa ya dace da aikace-aikacen da ake buƙatar sarrafa mota. A wannan yanayin, kawai za mu buƙaci kunna famfon don gudana a hanya ɗaya.
Cikakkun Bayanai na Datasheet
| Mai ƙera | Texas Instruments |
|---|---|
| Lambar sashi | L293D |
| Wutar Logic/IO | 4.5 - 36 V |
| Wutar samarwa | 4.5 - 36 V |
| Fitar wutar (kowane tashar) | 600 mA |
| Kololuwar wutar (kowane tashar) | 1.2 A |
| Jagorar mitar PWM | 1 kHz - 10 kHz |
| Ƙofofin shigar da dabaru | 2 V (babba), 0.8 V (ƙarami) |
| Ragewar wutar / RDS(on) / cikawa | 1.5 V (matsakaici) |
| Iyakokin zafi | +150 °C (matsakaici) |
| Kunshin | DIP-16 |
| Bayanan kula / bambance-bambance | Ya ƙunshi diodes na ciki don kariya daga nauyin inductive |
- Tabbatar da ingantaccen watsar zafi don ci gaba da aiki.
- Yi amfani da capacitors na decoupling don tsayayyen samar da wutar.
- Yi hattara da wutar shigarwa don hana lalacewa.
- Aiwatar da PWM don sarrafa saurin idan an buƙata.
- Duba wayoyi don guje wa gajerun hanyoyi, musamman tare da nauyin inductive.
Umarnin Haɗin Waya

Don haɗa ESP32 da direban motar L293D tare da famfon ruwa, bi waɗannan matakan a hankali. Da farko, haɗa wutar lantarki zuwa L293D. Haɗa pin 1 (pin na kunna motar A) da pin 8 (Vcc2) zuwa tushen wutar mai kyau (5V). Haɗa pin 4 (ƙasa) zuwa ƙasan da'irarka.
Na gaba, haɗa ESP32 zuwa L293D. Haɗa GPIO pin 13 daga ESP32 zuwa pin 2 (shigarwa 1) akan L293D, da GPIO pin 14 zuwa pin 7 (shigarwa 2). A ƙarshe, haɗa famfon ruwa zuwa pin 3 (fitarwa 1) da pin 6 (fitarwa 2) na L293D. Tabbatar cewa duk haɗin ƙasa an haɗa su tare don ingantaccen aiki. Idan ka bi waɗannan umarnin, haɗin wayarka ya kamata ya kasance mai sauƙi kuma mai aiki.
Misalan Lamba & Bayani
A cikin lambar, muna bayyana haɗin pin don sarrafa motar. Alamomin motor1A da motor2A sun dace da GPIO pins 13 da 14 akan ESP32, bi da bi. Waɗannan pins za su sarrafa famfon ruwa ta hanyar direban L293D.
#define motor1A 13
#define motor2A 14
void setup() {
pinMode(motor1A, OUTPUT);
pinMode(motor2A, OUTPUT);
}
A cikin aikin setup(), muna fara sarrafa pins na motar a matsayin fitarwa. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa za mu iya aika sigina zuwa direban L293D don sarrafa famfon. Aikin loop() sannan yana sarrafa aikin famfon.
void loop() {
digitalWrite(motor1A, HIGH);
digitalWrite(motor2A, LOW);
delay(5);
digitalWrite(motor1A, LOW);
digitalWrite(motor2A, LOW);
delay(2000); // jira na daƙiƙa ɗaya
}
A cikin aikin loop(), muna saita motor1A zuwa HIGH da motor2A zuwa LOW don fara famfon. Bayan ɗan jinkiri, muna dakatar da famfon ta hanyar saita duka pins zuwa LOW. Wannan zagayowar yana maimaita har abada, yana ba da damar famfon ya yi aiki na ɗan lokaci sannan ya tsaya.
Nuni / Abin da za Ka Yi Tsammani
Da zarar ka gama haɗin waya da loda lambar, ya kamata ka ga famfon ruwa yana kunna da kashewa a zagaye. Famfon zai yi aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci, sannan ya tsaya, yana ƙirƙirar tsarin kunna-kashe. Tabbatar cewa samar da wutar ka ya isa ga buƙatun famfon don guje wa kowace matsala (a cikin bidiyo a 09:30).
Lokutan Bidiyo
- 00:00 Farko
- 1:50 Gabatarwar Aikin
- 3:17 Me ya sa muke buƙatar L293D tare da Arduino?
- 5:47 Bayanin haɗin waya don famfon ruwa
- 10:01 Bayanin lambar Arduino
- 12:21 Zaɓin tashar COM don ESP32 akan Arduino IDE
- 14:03 Nuni na gudanar da famfon
- 15:25 Nuni da ruwa
#define motor1A 13
#define motor2A 14
// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board
void setup() {
// initialize digital pin as an output.
pinMode(motor1A, OUTPUT);
pinMode(motor2A, OUTPUT);
}
// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {
// Rotate
digitalWrite(motor1A, HIGH);
digitalWrite(motor2A, LOW);
delay(5);
// Stop
digitalWrite(motor1A, LOW);
digitalWrite(motor2A, LOW);
delay(2000); // wait for a second
}
Common Course Links
Common Course Files
Albarkatun da kuma shafukan da za a duba
-
TakarduESP32 Tutorial 16/55 - SunFounder motor documentationdocs.sunfounder.com
Fayiloli📁
Takardar bayanai (pdf)
-
L293d_Quadruple_half_bridge_datasheet
l293d_Quadruple_half_bridge_datasheet.pdf0.34 MB