Tafuta Msimbo

Somo la 107-8: Kudhibiti Kasi ya Motor ya Hatua ya 28BYJ-48 Kwa Kutumia Potentiometer

Somo la 107-8: Kudhibiti Kasi ya Motor ya Hatua ya 28BYJ-48 Kwa Kutumia Potentiometer

Mradi wa 8: Kudhibiti Motor ya Stepper Kwa Kutumia Potentiometer – Motor ya Stepper ya 28BYJ-48

Makala hii inawasilisha sehemu ya mwisho ya mfululizo wa miradi 8 ya kudhibiti motor ya stepper ya 28BYJ-48 na Arduino. Katika Mradi wa 8, motor ya stepper inadhibitiwa kupitia potentiometer, ambayo inamruhusu mtumiaji kubadilisha kasi na mwelekeo wa motor kwa njia ya nguvu kwa kuzungusha tu kifungo. Njia hii ya kuingiza data ya analogi ni mbinu ya kudhibiti inayoeleweka kwa urahisi na yenye matumizi mengi, inayotumika sana katika robotiki na mifumo ya kudhibiti mwendo.

stepper_28BYJ-48-0

Michoro kamili ya wiring na msimbo wa mradi huu zinapatikana kwa kupakuliwa chini ya makala.

📘 Utangulizi

Mpangilio huu unatumia potentiometer ya analogi iliyounganishwa na Arduino kusoma thamani za voltage zinazobadilika kati ya 0 na 1023. Kulingana na ingizo hili, kasi na mwelekeo wa motor hubadilishwa kwa njia ya nguvu:

  • Kuzungusha potentiometer kwa mwelekeo wa saa huongeza kasi katika mwelekeo mmoja.

  • Kuzungusha kinyume cha saa kunabadilisha mwelekeo.

⚙️ Wiring

stepper_28BYJ-48_wiring_PB-_keep_pressed

Mradi huu unaunganisha potentiometer na motor ya stepper kwa Arduino kama ifuatavyo:

  • Pini ya katikati ya potentiometerPini ya analogi A0

  • Pini nyingine mbili5V na GND

  • Kidhibiti cha ULN2003 → Pini 8, 10, 9, 11 kwa motor ya stepper

Maelezo: Wiring ya Mradi wa 8: Potentiometer inasoma ingizo la analogi kudhibiti kasi na mwelekeo.

 

💻 Maelezo ya Msimbo

Msimbo unasoma thamani za analogi na kuzibadilisha kuwa kasi na mwelekeo:

  1. Jumuisha Maktaba na Fafanua Pini:

#include <Stepper.h>
const int stepsPerRevolution = 2048;
Stepper myStepper(stepsPerRevolution, 8, 10, 9, 11);
  1. Kazi ya Setup:

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  myStepper.setSpeed(10);
}
  1. Kazi ya Loop na Udhibiti wa Potentiometer:

void loop() {
  int sensorValue = analogRead(A0);
  int speed = map(sensorValue, 0, 1023, -15, 15);

  if (speed != 0) {
    myStepper.setSpeed(abs(speed));
    myStepper.step((speed > 0) ? 1 : -1);
  }
  delay(2);
}
  • Kazi ya map() inabadilisha 0–1023 kuwa -15 hadi +15 RPM.

  • Kasi na mwelekeo hubadilika kwa wakati halisi wakati potentiometer inapozunguka.

  • abs(speed) inahakikisha thamani chanya ya RPM; mwelekeo unashughulikiwa katika step().

🎬 Nyakati kutoka Video Kamili

Hapa kuna nyakati muhimu za video za mradi huu:

  • 1:39:24 – Mradi wa 8: Utangulizi

  • 1:40:58 – Mradi wa 8: Wiring

  • 1:44:04 – Mradi wa 8: Msimbo

  • 1:53:19 – Mradi wa 8: Maonyesho


 

Bilder

stepper_28BYJ-48-3
stepper_28BYJ-48-3
stepper_28BYJ-48-2
stepper_28BYJ-48-2
ULN2003_board-1
ULN2003_board-1
stepper_28BYJ-48-0
stepper_28BYJ-48-0
stepper_28BYJ-48-1
stepper_28BYJ-48-1
stepper_28BYJ-48_wiring_PB-_keep_pressed
stepper_28BYJ-48_wiring_PB-_keep_pressed
395-Lesson 107-8: Controlling a 28BYJ-48 stepper motor using a potentiometer
Språk: C++
++
/*
* Lesson 107-8:  * This is Arduino code to control the speed of a 28BYJ-48 
* stepper motor with a potentiometer. 
See the video for details and a demonstration. 

In this lesson, we learn how to use a mini stepper motor, the 28BYJ-48, for our projects. I am presenting eight projects
  so you can use it in almost any application. In the video, I have explained the code, shown the full wiring diagram, and 
  how to connect the wires, push buttons, and breadboard. 

  Project 1: Running motor 
  Project 2: Controlling stepper motor from Serial Monitor
  Project 3: Controlling stepper motor using push button STPB-1 
  Project 4: Controlling using push button STPB-2  keep pressing 
  Project 5: One Revolution using push button STPB-3
  Project 6: Push button for any angle and speed STPB-4 
  Project 7: Using multiple buttons for any angle STPB-5 (angle, speed and direction)
  Project 8: Controlling stepper motor using potentiometer (this code)

  * Watch the video instruction for this code: https://youtu.be/TQ7R2bY-MWU
  * 
  * This code is part of the Arduino Step by Step Course, which starts here:  https://youtu.be/-6qSrDUA5a8
  * 
  * For the library for this code, visit http://robojax.com/
  * 
 If you found this tutorial helpful, please support me so I can continue creating 
 content like this. Make a donation using PayPal or a credit card: https://bit.ly/donate-robojax 
 
 * Written by Ahmad Shamshiri for Robojax Robojax.com
 * on June 30, 2019 at 19:04 in Ajax, Ontario, Canada
 * 
 * 
  *  * This code is "AS IS" without warranty or liability. Free to be used as long as you keep this note intact.* 
  * This code has been downloaded from Robojax.com
     This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
     it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
     the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
     (at your option) any later version.
 
     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
     GNU General Public License for more details.
 
     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
     along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

 */

const int desiredValue = 20;//time in sec for a Revolution

const int dir = 2; // 1 for CW and 2 for CCW

int Pin1 = 10;//IN1 is connected to 10 
int Pin2 = 11;//IN2 is connected to 11  
int Pin3 = 12;//IN3 is connected to 12  
int Pin4 = 13;//IN4 is connected to 13 
int potPin = A0;// center pin of pot is connected to this pin
int vcc2 = 2;// additional 5V for potentiometer

int pole1[] ={0,0,0,0, 0,1,1,1, 0};//pole1, 8 step values
int pole2[] ={0,0,0,1, 1,1,0,0, 0};//pole2, 8 step values
int pole3[] ={0,1,1,1, 0,0,0,0, 0};//pole3, 8 step values
int pole4[] ={1,1,0,0, 0,0,0,1, 0};//pole4, 8 step values


int poleStep = 0; 
int calcDelayfromTime(int t);
void driveStepper(int c);
int N = calcDelayfromTime(desiredValue);


void setup() 
{ 
 pinMode(Pin1, OUTPUT);//define pin for ULN2003 in1 
 pinMode(Pin2, OUTPUT);//define pin for ULN2003 in2   
 pinMode(Pin3, OUTPUT);//define pin for ULN2003 in3   
 pinMode(Pin4, OUTPUT);//define pin for ULN2003 in4 
 pinMode(vcc2, OUTPUT);//define pin as output for 5V for pot
 digitalWrite(vcc2, HIGH);//set vcc2 pin HIGH to have 5V for pot 
 Serial.begin(9600);
 Serial.println("Robojax Stepper Control");
 Serial.print("Max time per rev set: ");
 Serial.print(desiredValue);
 Serial.print(" loop delay: ");
 Serial.println(N);
  delay(4000);//give use time to read
}// setup

 void loop() 
{ 
  // Robojax Stepper code S8BYJ-48
 if(dir ==1){ 
   poleStep++; 
    driveStepper(poleStep);    
 }else if(dir ==2){ 
   poleStep--; 
    driveStepper(poleStep);    
 }else{
  driveStepper(8);   
 }
 if(poleStep>7){ 
   poleStep=0; 
 } 
 if(poleStep<0){ 
   poleStep=7; 
 } 
 int potValue =analogRead(potPin);// read potentiometer value
 int speed = map(potValue,0, 1023, 1,N);

 delay(speed); 


}// loop

int calcDelayfromTime(int t){
  return ((t-5)/4)+1;
}//



/*
 * @brief sends signal to the motor
 * @param c is an integer representing the pole of the motor
 * @return does not return anything
 * 
 * www.Robojax.com code June 2019
 */
void driveStepper(int c)
{
     digitalWrite(Pin1, pole1[c]);  
     digitalWrite(Pin2, pole2[c]); 
     digitalWrite(Pin3, pole3[c]); 
     digitalWrite(Pin4, pole4[c]);   
}//driveStepper end here

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