H-Bridge 1: Gina direba motar H-bridge akan allon burodi ta amfani da transistors Darlington TIP120 da TIP125

H-Bridge 1: Gina direba motar H-bridge akan allon burodi ta amfani da transistors Darlington TIP120 da TIP125

Wannan koyarwar za ta jagorance ku wajen gina direban mota H-bridge ta amfani da TIP120 da TIP125 transistors na Darlington a kan breadboard. Wannan tsari yana da kyau don sarrafa hanyar da saurin mota na DC, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga ayyukan robot da sarrafa kansa daban-daban. A karshen wannan koyarwar, za ku iya sarrafa mota tare da juyawa a cikin agogo da kuma akasin agogo, tare da daidaita sauri.

A cikin wannan jagorar, za mu yi amfani da Arduino don sarrafa motar. Tsarin H-bridge yana ba da damar juyawa hanyar motar ta hanyar sarrafa siginar shigarwa da aka aika zuwa transistors. Wannan muhimmin abu ne ga aikace-aikace da yawa, kamar hannayen roba ko robot masu motsi da ke buƙatar sarrafa motar daidai. Don karin bayani, don Allah a duba bidiyon (a cikin bidiyo a 00:00).

Kayan Aiki An Bayyana

Babban abubuwan da ke cikin wannan aikin sun haɗa da TIP120 da TIP125 transistors, waɗanda ake amfani da su a matsayin masu kunna don sarrafa aikin motar. TIP120 na NPN Darlington transistor ne, yayin da TIP125 na PNP Darlington transistor ne. Tare, suna ƙirƙirar tsarin H-bridge, wanda ke ba mu damar sarrafa hanyar da wutar ke gudana ta cikin motar.

A cikin wannan tsari, ana amfani da siginar PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) don sarrafa saurin motar. Transistors suna kunna da kashewa cikin sauri don ƙirƙirar matsakaicin wutar lantarki wanda ke tantance saurin motar. Pins na EN suna kunna ko kashe transistors, suna tabbatar da cewa motar tana aiki ne kawai lokacin da ake buƙata.

Bayanan Takardu

• Tabbatar da ingantaccen zafin jiki don aikace-aikacen babban jari.
• Yi amfani da siginar PWM don sarrafa saurin mota yadda ya kamata.
• Tabbatar da juyin transistor don hana lalacewar tsarin.
• Ka kula da ƙimar wutar lantarki don guje wa wuce iyaka.
• Yi amfani da capacitors na decoupling don daidaita samar da wutar lantarki.

Umarni Waya

Don ka haɗa direban motar H-bridge, da farko haɗa pin VCC daga TIP120 da TIP125 zuwa wutar 5V a kan Arduino ɗinka. Haɗa pin GND zuwa ƙasa. Pins kulawa na PWM,PWM1daPWM2ya kamata a haɗa su da ƙananan dijital 9 da 3 akan Arduino, bi da bi. Pins na kunna,EN1daEN2, zai haɗa da pin ɗin dijital 8 da 2.

Na gaba, haɗa tashoshin motarka da pins na tarin na transistors TIP120 da TIP125. Tabbatar cewa motar ta dace da tushen wutar ka. Idan kana amfani da ƙarin kayan haɗi kamar diodes don kariya daga flyback, sanya su a jere da tashoshin motar don hana lalacewa daga back EMF. Idan kana amfani da nau'ikan Arduino daban-daban, tabbatar da taswirar pins don PWM da sigina na kunna.

Misalan Lamba & Jagora

const int PWM1= 9; //pin with ~
const int EN1= 8;
const int PWM2= 3; //pin with ~
const int EN2= 2;

A cikin saitin, muna bayyana pins na kulawa don siginar PWM da kuma pins masu kunna.pinModeaiki yana sa waɗannan pins a matsayin fitarwa don sarrafa transistors da ke tuka motar.

void loop() {
  Motor(CW, 50); //in CW at 50% speed
  delay(5000);
  stop(); // stops the motor
  delay(2000);
}

Wannan aikin juyawa yana nuna aikin motar. Da farko yana kunna motar a cikin hanya mai juyawa a 50% sauri na tsawon sekondi 5, sannan yana dakatar da shi na tsawon sekondi 2.Motorana ana kira tare da hanyoyi da sauri, yana sarrafa halayen motar bisa ga waɗannan shigarwar.

void Motor(boolean direction, int speed=0) {
  int speedPWM = map(speed, 0, 100, 0, 255);
  if(direction) {
    analogWrite(PWM1, speedPWM); // Set speed for CW
  } else {
    analogWrite(PWM2, speedPWM); // Set speed for CCW
  }
}

WannanMotoraiki yana ɗaukar hanyar boolean da saurin lamba. Yana daidaita kashi na saurin zuwa ƙimar PWM kuma yana amfani daanalogWritedon sanya pin da ya dace don sarrafa mota. Wannan aikin yana da matuƙar muhimmanci don canza hanyar mota da sauri a cikin lokaci.

Nuna / Abin da za a yi tsammani

Bayan kammala haɗa wayoyi da loda lambar, ya kamata ku ga motar tana juyawa a cikin agogo da kashi 50% na sauri na tsawon sekondi 5, sannan ta tsaya. Bayan wani jinkiri, za ta juyawa a cikin akasin agogo da kashi 80% na sauri na wasu sekondi 5. Matsalolin da aka saba fuskanta sun haɗa da haɗa wayoyi ba daidai ba da kuma wuce ƙimar wutar lantarki, wanda zai iya lalata transistors ko motar.

Lokutan Bidiyo

• 00:00- Gabatarwa
• 01:30- Bayani kan Kayan Aiki
• 03:15- Umarnin Waya
• 05:00- Binciken Lambar
• 08:45- Nuna

Hotuna

H-Bridge Project with TIP120 TIP125 Wiring diagram

schematic for TIP120 TIP125 H-Bridge

H-Bridge Project with TIP120 TIP125 3

555 Relay Timer of 20A 0-10 minutest on breadboard wiring

H-Bridge Project with TIP120 TIP125 Wiring diagram

schematic for TIP120 TIP125 H-Bridge

H-Bridge Project with TIP120 TIP125 3

555 Relay Timer of 20A 0-10 minutest on breadboard wiring

/*
This code is for:
Building an H-Bridge Motor driver using TIP120 and TIP125 on a breadboard and full PCB Design with Arduino
https://youtu.be/6ugrL5ziPn8

This code has been downloaded from Robojax.com
You can access the resources page and download the Gerber file to produce
the PCB or a fully assembled PCB from PCBX.com
Visit https://robojax.com/tutorial_view.php?id=392
to control a DC motor using TIP120 and TIP125 as an
H bridge
Written by Ahmad Shamshiri
26 Aug 2024
*/
const int PWM1= 9;//pin with ~
const int EN1= 8;

const int PWM2= 3;//pin with ~
const int EN2= 2;

const boolean CW =1;
const boolean CCW =0;

void Motor(boolean, int);//prototype
void brake();//prototype

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  Serial.println("TIP120 H Bridge by Robojax");
  pinMode(PWM1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(EN1, OUTPUT);

  pinMode(PWM2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(EN2, OUTPUT);   

}

void loop() {
  Motor(CW, 50);//in CW at 50% speed
  delay(5000);

  stop();
  delay(2000);

  Motor(CCW, 80);//in CCW at 80% speed
  delay(5000);

  brake();
  delay(2000);

  for (int i=0; i<=100; i++)
  {
   Motor(CCW, i);
   delay(25);
  }
    delay(5000);

  brake();
  delay(2000);
}

/*
stop()
stops the output
*/
void stop()
{
    Serial.println ("=== Stop"); 
  digitalWrite(PWM1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(EN1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(PWM2, LOW);
  digitalWrite(EN2, LOW);  
}

/*
brake()
*/
void brake()
{
    Serial.println ("=== Brake"); 
  digitalWrite(PWM1, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(EN1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(PWM2, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(EN2, LOW);   
}

void Motor(boolean direction, int speed=0)
{
  int speedPWM = map(speed, 0, 100, 0, 255);
  Serial.print("Speed: "); Serial.print (speedPWM);
  Serial.print ("(");Serial.print (speed);Serial.print ("%)");


  if(direction){
    Serial.print(" dir: ");Serial.println ("CW");   
      analogWrite(PWM1, speedPWM);
    digitalWrite(EN1, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(PWM2, LOW);
    digitalWrite(EN2, LOW); 
  }else{
    Serial.print(" dir: ");Serial.println ("CCW");  
    digitalWrite(PWM1, LOW);
    digitalWrite(EN1, LOW);    
      analogWrite(PWM2, speedPWM);
    digitalWrite(EN2, HIGH); 
  }
 
}