Controllare un motore DC con un telecomando IR utilizzando Arduino e L293D
Questo progetto dimostra come controllare la direzione e la velocità di un motore DC utilizzando un telecomando a infrarossi (IR), un Arduino Uno e un chip driver per motori L293D. Questo setup consente un controllo preciso del motore, rendendolo adatto a una varietà di applicazioni.
Questo progetto apre un mondo di possibilità per i tuoi sforzi di elettronica fai-da-te. Ecco alcune idee per iniziare:
- Robot Telecomandato:Controlla il movimento di un piccolo robot utilizzando un telecomando IR.
- Sistema di Tende Automatico:Apri e chiudi le tende o le persiane da remoto.
- Installazioni d'Arte Interattiva:Crea opere d'arte dinamiche con parti mobili controllate da un telecomando IR.
- Sistema di Pan e Tilt:Controlla il pan e l'inclinazione di una camera o sensore utilizzando un telecomando IR.
Hardware/Componenti
- Arduino Uno
- L293D Driver di Motore IC
- Motore a corrente continua
- Telecomando IR e ricevitore
- Diodi (1N4001 x4)
- Fili di collegamento
- Alimentatore (ad es., batteria da 9V per il motore)
Guida all'impianto elettrico
%%WIRING%%
(in video at 02:14)
Il chip L293D richiede connessioni sia all'Arduino che a un'alimentazione esterna per il motore. I diodi sono utilizzati per la protezione da ritorno di corrente. Il ricevitore IR si collega ai pin 5V e GND dell'Arduino, con il pin di segnale collegato al pin digitale 11 (configurabile nel codice). Il motore si collega ai pin di uscita del L293D, che sono controllati dall'Arduino.
Spiegazione del codice
(in video alle 07:30)
Il codice Arduino fornito utilizza la libreria IRremote per decodificare i segnali provenienti dal telecomando IR. I principali parametri configurabili all'interno del codice includono:
const char type ='B';// W for white, B for black. Must keep single quotes like 'B' or 'W'
const boolean PCB = 0;// if receiver is PCB set to 1, if not set to 0. See video for details
Imposta iltypevariabile a 'W' per un telecomando bianco o 'B' per un telecomando nero (nel video alle 07:41). IlPCBla variabile deve essere impostata su 1 se il tuo ricevitore IR ha un PCB, e 0 se è un modulo nudo (nel video alle 07:50).
const String RIGHT=">";// move motor to the right (CW) with this key on remote
const String LEFT ="<";// move motor to the left (CCW) with this key on remote
const String STOP ="OK";// stop motor with this key on remote
Queste righe definiscono le etichette dei pulsanti del telecomando IR per controllare il motore. Assicurati che corrispondano alle etichette sul tuo telecomando (nel video alle 08:12). Puoi personalizzarle per utilizzare pulsanti diversi sul tuo telecomando.
#define P1A 2 // define pin 2 as for P1A
#define P2A 7 // define pin 7 as for P2A
#define EN12 8 // define pin 8 as for 1,2EN enable
int RECV_PIN = 11;
Queste righe definiscono i pin Arduino utilizzati per controllare il driver di motore L293D (nel video al 09:52).P1AeP2Acontrolla la direzione, eEN12abilita il motore.RECV_PINè il pin collegato all'uscita del segnale del ricevitore IR (nel video alle 06:52). Modifica questi se stai utilizzando pin diversi.
Progetto dal vivo/Demostrazione
(in video alle 14:15)
Il video dimostra il progetto in azione, mostrando come il motore CC risponde ai comandi del telecomando IR. La dimostrazione mostra come controllare la rotazione del motore in senso orario e antiorario e come fermare il motore utilizzando diversi pulsanti del telecomando.
Capitoli
- [00:00] Introduzione e panoramica del progetto
- [00:53] Componenti del Progetto e Requisiti Preliminari
- [02:14] Spiegazione del cablaggio
- [07:30] Spiegazione del codice e configurazione
- [14:15] Dimostrazione del progetto con telecomando nero e PCB
- [16:04] Dimostrazione con Silver Remote e PCB
- Dimostrazione con Silver Remote e Bare Module
- [18:23] Dimostrazione con Telecomando Nero e Modulo Nudo
/*
* Original Infrared library from - http://arcfn.com
*
* This is Arduino code for the L293D DC motor driver.
* It uses an IR remote control to rotate the DC motor clockwise (CW), counter-clockwise (CCW), and stop it.
* Watch instructions for this video: https://youtu.be/e0pvfJbdw_o
* To get the library and files related to this code, visit http://robojax.com/learn/arduino
// Written for Robojax.com video
* Code is available at http://robojax.com/learn/arduino
*
// Written by Ahmad S. for Robojax.com on
// August 10, 2018 at 22:03 in Ajax, Ontario, Canada
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
// DC motor control
#define P1A 2 // define pin 2 as for P1A
#define P2A 7 // define pin 7 as for P2A
#define EN12 8 // define pin 8 as for 1,2EN enable
// remote settings start
#include <IRremote.h>
int RECV_PIN = 11;
const char type ='B';// W for white, B for black. Must keep single quotes like 'B' or 'W'
const boolean PCB = 0;// if receiver is PCB set to 1, if not set to 0. See video for details
boolean displayCode = false;// to display remote code. if not, set to false
// IR remote settings
const String RIGHT=">";// move motor to the right (CW) with this key on remote
const String LEFT ="<";// move motor to the left (CCW) with this key on remote
const String STOP ="OK";// stop motor with this key on remote
// remote settings end
IRrecv irrecv(RECV_PIN);
// this is array holding codes for White Remote when used with PCB version of receiver
unsigned int whiteRemotePCB[] ={
0xE318261B, // CH-
0x511DBB, // CH
0xEE886D7F, // CH+
0x52A3D41F, // |<<
0xD7E84B1B, // >>|
0x20FE4DBB, // >||
0xF076C13B, // -
0xA3C8EDDB, // +
0x12CEA6E6, // EQ
0xC101E57B, // 0
0x97483BFB, // 100+
0xF0C41643, // 200+
0x9716BE3F, // 1
0x3D9AE3F7, // 2
0x6182021B, // 3
0x8C22657B, // 4
0x488F3CBB, // 5
0x449E79F, // 6
0x32C6FDF7, // 7
0x1BC0157B, // 8
0x3EC3FC1B // 9
};
// this is array holding codes for White Remote when used with non-PCB version of receiver
unsigned int whiteRemote[] ={
0xFFA25D, // CH-
0xFF629D, // CH
0xFFE21D, // CH+
0xFF22DD, // |<<
0xFF02FD, // >>|
0xFFC23D, // >||
0xFFE01F, // -
0xFFA857, // +
0xFF906F, // EQ
0xFF6897, // 0
0xFF9867, // 100+
0xFFB04F, // 200+
0xFF30CF, // 1
0xFF18E7, // 2
0xFF7A85, // 3
0xFF10EF, // 4
0xFF38C7, // 5
0xFF5AA5, // 6
0xFF42BD, // 7
0xFF4AB5, // 8
0xFF52AD // 9
};
// key lables of white remote
String whiteRemoteKey[] ={
"CH-",
"CH",
"CH+",
"|<<",
">>|",
">||",
"-",
"+",
"EQ",
"0",
"100+",
"200+",
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4",
"5",
"6",
"7",
"8",
"9"
};
// this is array holding codes for Black Remote when used with non-PCB version of receiver
unsigned int blackRemote[] ={
0xFF629D, // ^
0xFF22DD, // <
0xFF02FD, // OK
0xFFC23D, // >
0xFFA857, // v
0xFF6897, // 1
0xFF9867, // 2
0xF0C41643, // 3
0xFF30CF, // 4
0xFF18E7, // 5
0xFF7A85, // 6
0xFF10EF, // 7
0xFF38C7, // 8
0xFF5AA5, // 9
0xFF42BD, // *
0xFF4AB5, // 0
0xFF52AD // #
};
// this is array holding codes for Black Remote when used with PCB version of receiver
unsigned int blackRemotePCB[] ={
0x511DBB, // ^
0x52A3D41F, // <
0xD7E84B1B, // OK
0x20FE4DBB, // >
0xA3C8EDDB, // v
0xC101E57B, // 1
0x97483BFB, // 2
0xF0C41643, // 3
0x9716BE3F, // 4
0x3D9AE3F7, // 5
0x6182021B, // 6
0x8C22657B, // 7
0x488F3CBB, // 8
0x449E79F, // 9
0x32C6FDF7, // *
0x1BC0157B, // 0
0x3EC3FC1B // #
};
// Black remote key names
String blackRemoteKey[] ={
"^",
"<",
"OK",
">",
"v",
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4",
"5",
"6",
"7",
"8",
"9",
"*",
"0",
"#"
};
decode_results results;
/*
* Permission granted to share this code given that this
* note is kept with the code.
* Disclaimer: this code is "AS IS" and for educational purposes only.
*
*/
void setup() {
// L293 Motor Control Code by Robojax.com 2018025
Serial.begin(9600);// setup Serial Monitor to display information
pinMode(P1A, OUTPUT);// define pin as OUTPUT for P1A
pinMode(P2A, OUTPUT);// define pin as OUTPUT for P2A
pinMode(EN12, OUTPUT);// define pin as OUTPUT for 1,2EN
Serial.println("Robojax IR Decode");
Serial.println("Motor Control with Remote");
irrecv.enableIRIn(); // Start the receiver
// L293 Motor Control Code by Robojax.com 20180810
}
void loop() {
// L293d Motor Control Code with IR by Robojax.com 20180810
if (irrecv.decode(&results)) {
if(displayCode)Serial.println(results.value, HEX);
robojaxValidateCode(results.value);// used the "robojaxValidateCode" bellow
irrecv.resume(); // Receive the next value
}
delay(50);// 50 millisecond delay
// L293d Motor Control Code with IR by Robojax.com 20180810
}//loop end
/*
* function: robojaxValidateCode
* validates the remote code and prints the correct key name
* cd is the code passed from the loop
* Written by A. S. for Robojax
*/
void robojaxValidateCode(int cd)
{
// Robojax IR Remote decoder
int found=0;
if(type =='W' && !PCB)
{
// Robojax IR White Remote decoder
// if type is set to 'W' (white remote) and PCB=0 then check White remote code
for(int i=0; i< sizeof(whiteRemote)/sizeof(int); i++)
{
if(whiteRemote[i] ==cd)
{
Serial.print("Key pressed:");
Serial.println(whiteRemoteKey[i]);
motorAction(whiteRemoteKey[i]);// take action
found=1;
}// if matched
}// for
}else if(type =='W' && PCB){
// Robojax IR White Remote decoder
// if type is set to 'W' (white remote) and PCB=1 then check White remote code
for(int i=0; i< sizeof(whiteRemotePCB)/sizeof(int); i++)
{
if(whiteRemotePCB[i] ==cd)
{
Serial.print("Key pressed:");
Serial.println(whiteRemoteKey[i]);
motorAction(whiteRemoteKey[i]);// take action
found=1;
}// if matched
}// for
}else if(type =='B' && PCB){
// Robojax IR Black Remote decoder
// if type is set to 'B' (black remote) and PCB=1 then check Black remote code
for(int i=0; i< sizeof(blackRemotePCB)/sizeof(int); i++)
{
// Robojax IR black Remote decoder
if(blackRemotePCB[i] ==cd)
{
Serial.print("Key pressed:");
Serial.println(blackRemoteKey[i]);
motorAction(blackRemoteKey[i]);// take action
found=1;
}// if matched
}// for
}else{
// if type is set to 'B' (black remote) and PCB =0 then check Black remote code
for(int i=0; i< sizeof(blackRemote)/sizeof(int); i++)
{
// Robojax IR black Remote decoder
if(blackRemote[i] ==cd)
{
Serial.print("Key pressed:");
Serial.println(blackRemoteKey[i]);
motorAction(blackRemoteKey[i]);// take action
found=1;
}// if matched
}// for
}// else
if(!found){
if(cd !=0xFFFFFFFF)
{
Serial.println("Key unknown");
}
}// found
}// robojaxValidateCode end
/*
*
* motorAction()
* receives string "value" as input and based on the settings,
* turns motor CW, CCW or STOP
*/
void motorAction(String value)
{
// Robojax IR motor control
if(value == RIGHT)
{
L293D('R',1);// rotate motor to the right (CCW)
}
if(value == LEFT)
{
L293D('L',1);// rotate motor to the left (CW)
}
if(value == STOP)
{
L293D('R',0);// stop motor
}
}//motorAction end
/*
* L293D(char dir, int en)
* dir is character either L for CW direction
* or R for CCW direction
* en is integer 1 to rotate, 0 for stop
*/
void L293D(char dir, int en)
{
if(dir =='L')
{
if(en ==0){
Serial.println("CW Motor Stopped");
}else{
Serial.println("Rotating CW");
}
digitalWrite(EN12 ,en);// Enable 1A and 2A
digitalWrite(P1A,HIGH);// send + or HIGH signal to P1A
digitalWrite(P2A,LOW);// send - or LOW signal to P2A
}else{
if(en ==0){
Serial.println("CCW Motor Stopped");
}else{
Serial.println("Rotating CCW");
}
digitalWrite(EN12 ,en);// Disable 1A and 2A
digitalWrite(P1A,LOW);// send + or HIGH signal to P1A
digitalWrite(P2A,HIGH);// send - or LOW signal to P2A
}
}//L293D end
++
/*
* This is the Arduino code for L293d DC motor Driver
* watch LE18-D80NK video for details https://youtu.be/MrYsmAwzfrM
* Code is available at http://robojax.com/learn/arduino
*
* Written by Ahmad S. for Robojax.com on
* August 9, 2018 at 22:03 in Ajax, Ontario, Canada
*/
// DC motor 1 control
#define P1A 2 // define pin 2 as for P1A
#define P2A 7 // define pin 7 as for P2A
#define EN12 8 // define pin 8 as for 1,2EN enable
/*
* Permission granted to share this code given that this
* note is kept with the code.
* Disclaimer: this code is "AS IS" and for educational purposes only.
*
*/
void setup() {
// L293 Motor Control Code by Robojax.com 2018025
Serial.begin(9600);// setup Serial Monitor to display information
pinMode(P1A, OUTPUT);// define pin as OUTPUT for P1A
pinMode(P2A, OUTPUT);// define pin as OUTPUT for P2A
pinMode(EN12, OUTPUT);// define pin as OUTPUT for 1,2EN
// L293 Motor Control Code by Robojax.com 2018025
}
void loop() {
// L293 Motor Control Code by Robojax.com 2018025
L293D_con('L',1);
delay(4000);
L293D_con('L',0);
delay(2000);
L293D_con('R',1);
delay(4000);
L293D_con('R',0);
delay(2000);
Serial.println("=========== Loop done");
delay(500);
// L293 Motor Control Code by Robojax.com 2018025
}
void L293D_con(char dir, int en)
{
if(dir =='L')
{
if(en ==0){
Serial.println(" CW Motor Stopped");
}else{
Serial.println(" Rotating CW");
}
digitalWrite(EN12 ,en);// Enable 1A and 2A
digitalWrite(P1A,HIGH);// send + or HIGH signal to P1A
digitalWrite(P2A,LOW);// send - or LOW signal to P2A
}else{
if(en ==0){
Serial.println(" CCW Motor Stopped");
}else{
Serial.println(" Rotating CCW");
}
digitalWrite(EN12 ,en);// Disable 1A and 2A
digitalWrite(P1A,LOW);// send + or HIGH signal to P1A
digitalWrite(P2A,HIGH);// send - or LOW signal to P2A
}
}//L293D_con end
Risorse e riferimenti
-
EsternoScarica la libreria per Arduino (GitHub)github.com
File📁
Nessun file disponibile.