Koorsada Casharka 5aad ee 10ka: Xakamaynta RGB LED WS2812B iyadoo la isticmaalayo Raspberry Pi Pico

Koorsada Casharka 5aad ee 10ka: Xakamaynta RGB LED WS2812B iyadoo la isticmaalayo Raspberry Pi Pico

Casharkan, oo qayb ka mid ah koorsada Robojax Raspberry Pi Pico Smart Car, wuxuu diiradda saarayaa xakamaynta xariijimaha iftiinka RGB (WS2812B) ee qalabka gaariga afarta taayir ee SunFounder. Waxaad ka gudbi doontaa xakamaynta fudud ee qabashada/deminta oo waxaad baran doontaa sida loogu daro qiimaha casaanka, cagaarka, iyo buluugga si aad u abuurto midab kasta, xakamayso LED-yada gaarka ah, oo aad u abuurto taxanaha iftiinka firfircoon sida saameynta iftiinka "socodka". Xirfaddan waa aasaas u ah ku darista jawaab-celin muuqaal ah iyo shakhsiyad mashruucyadaada robotics-ka.

Xakamaynta LED-yada RGB waa xirfad aasaasi u ah mashruuc kasta oo robotics ama elektaroonig ah. Halkan waxaa ku qoran waxyaabo dhawr ah oo waxaad ku dhisin karto aqoontan:

• Indicators-ka Xaaladda Gaarka ah: U isticmaal midabyo kala duwan si aad u muujiso xaaladda robot-kaaga, sida cagaar oo ah "diyaar," buluug oo ah "shaqaynaya," iyo casaan oo ah "qalad."
• Saameynta Iftiinka Is-dhexgalka ah: Abuur qaababka iftiinka "chase" ama "knight rider" si robot-kaagu u noqdo mid firfircoon oo soo jiidasho leh.
• Jawaab-celin Muuqaal ah ee Sensor-yada: Barnaamijee LED-yada si ay midabka u beddelaan iyadoo lagu salaynayo xogta sensor-ka, sida u noqoshada casaan marka caqabad ku dhow tahay ama buluug marka uu raacayo xariiq.
• Iftiinka Deegaanka: Deji LED-yada midab random ah ama midab gaar ah si aad u abuurto jawi gaar ah gaarigaaga ama mashruucyada kale.

Qalabka/Qaybaha

Mashruucan wuxuu isticmaalaa qaybaha ku yimaada qalabka gaariga afarta taayir ee SunFounder Raspberry Pi Pico. Qaybta muhiimka ah waa xariijimaha iftiinka RGB laftiisa, kaas oo uu xakameeyo Raspberry Pi Pico.

• Raspberry Pi Pico
• Qalabka gaariga afarta taayir ee SunFounder (oo ay ku jirto xariijimaha iftiinka RGB ee WS2812B)
• Battery-ga gaariga (si loo shideeyo LED-yada, sida lagu sheegay fiidiyowga)

Hagaha Xiriirinta

Casharka fiidiyowga kuma faahfaahinayo habka xiriirinta, maadaama ay qayb ka tahay naqshadda hore loo ururiyay ee qalabka gaariga. LED-yada hore ayaa ku xiran Raspberry Pi Pico. Qaab dhismeed gaar ah, waxaad caadi ahaan ku xiri lahayd pin-ka xogta ee xariijimaha WS2812B pin-ka GPIO ee Pico, oo ay weheliso koronto (5V) iyo dhul (GND). Maadaama casharkan uu isticmaalayo qalabka gaariga, ma jiro xiriirin dheeri ah oo loo baahan yahay.

Haddii aad ku dhisayso tan breadboard-ka, waxaad ku xiri lahayd xariijinta xogta ee LED-kaaga pin-ka GPIO (tusaale, GP0) oo aad ku shidi lahayd koronto 5V oo dibadda ah.

Sharaxaadda Koodhka

Casharku wuxuu diiradda saarayaa isticmaalka hawlaha hore loo qoray ee maktabadda qalabka gaariga. Hawsha aasaasiga ah ee xakamaynta iftiinka waa set_light_color(). Habkan waxaa lagu wacaa shayga gaariga wuxuuna qaataa laba doodood oo waaweyn: lambarka aqoonsiga iftiinka iyo liis ka kooban saddex qiime oo matalaya xoojinta Casaanka, Cagaarka, iyo Buluugga (RGB).

Waa kuwan faahfaahinta sida loo isticmaalo hawlahaa muhiimka ah ee lagu muujiyay fiidiyowga:

• car.set_light_color(LED_ID, [R, G, B]): Kani waa habka ugu tooska ah ee lagu xakameeyo LED gaar ah. LED_ID waa tiro dhammaystiran oo u dhaxaysa 0 ilaa 23, midabkuna waa liis sida [255, 0, 0] oo ah casaan.
• Hawlaha Kaalmeeya Maktabadda: Maktabadda qalabka waxay bixisaa hawlo heer sare ah sida set_all_light_color(), set_bottom_left_color(), iyo set_bottom_right_color() si aad u xakamayso kooxaha LED-yada si fudud.

Si aad u abuurto midab gaar ah, waxaad hagaajin kartaa saddexda qiime ee liiska. Tusaale ahaan, [255, 255, 0] wuxuu sameeyaa jaalle, [0, 255, 255] wuxuu sameeyaa cyan, iyo [255, 0, 255] wuxuu sameeyaa casaan ama magenta. Fiidiyowgu wuxuu muujinayaa abuurista midabadaan iyadoo lagu darayo qiimaha aasaasiga ah ee RGB.

Midabada random, waxaad isticmaali kartaa hawsha random.randint(0, 255) si aad u abuurto qiimo random ah R, G, iyo B, sida lagu muujiyay tusaalaha "random". Tani waxay u qoondeysaa midab gaar ah oo random ah mid kasta oo ka mid ah 24-ka LED.

Mashruuca Tooska ah/Muujinta

Fiidiyowga, macallinku wuxuu si toos ah u muujinayaa fikradaha. Wuxuu marka hore muujinayaa sida loo shido dhammaan iftiimada hoose si ay u noqdaan cagaar adag iyadoo la dejinayo qiimaha RGB [0, 255, 0]. Kadib, wuxuu midabka u beddelaa casaan iyadoo la dejinayo [255, 0, 0]. Muujintu waxay sii socotaa iyadoo la tusayo sida loo xakameeyo LED-yada gaarka ah iyadoo la isticmaalayo lambarkooda aqoonsiga (0-23) iyo dejinta midabadooda si madax-bannaan.

Qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah fiidiyowga waxaa loo hagaajiyay abuurista saameynta "iftiinka socodka". Tan waxaa lagu sameeyaa loop-ka for kaas oo ka socda 1 ilaa 24. Mar kasta, wuxuu shidaa LED-ka hadda jira muddo go'an (tusaale, 300 milliseken) kadibna wuu damiyaa muddo aad u gaaban (tusaale, 10 milliseken) ka hor inta uusan u gudbin kan xiga. Tani waxay abuurtaa muuqaal iftiin ku socda xariijimaha. Macallinku wuxuu sidoo kale muujinayaa sida loo hagaajiyo xawaaraha saameyntan iyadoo la beddelayo qiimaha dib u dhaca.

Ugu dambeyntii, wuxuu muujinayaa barnaamijka "midabka random", kaas oo isticmaalaya maktabadda random si uu u abuuro midab gaar ah mid kasta oo ka mid ah 24-ka LED mar kasta oo koodhku shaqeeyo, isagoo abuuraya bandhig firfircoon oo midabyo badan leh.

Cutubyada

• [00:00] Hordhaca LED-yada RGB iyo Koorsada Smart Car
• [02:36] Fahamka Qaabka Midabka RGB
• [05:00] Xakamaynta Iftiimada iyadoo la isticmaalayo Hawlaha Maktabadda
• [09:01] Sida Loo Xakameeyo LED-yada Gaarka ah (0-23)
• [13:08] Abuurista Saameynta Iftiinka Socodka
• [15:32] Abuurista Midabyo Random ah LED Kasta