Kwas 5 cikin 10: Sarrafa RGB LED WS2812B ta Amfani da Raspberry Pi Pico

Kwas 5 cikin 10: Sarrafa RGB LED WS2812B ta Amfani da Raspberry Pi Pico

Wannan darasi, wanda yake cikin kwas din Robojax Raspberry Pi Pico Smart Car, ya mayar da hankali kan sarrafa tsiri na RGB LED (WS2812B) a kan kayan aikin mota mai ƙafafu huɗu na SunFounder. Za ku wuce bayan sarrafa kunnawa da kashewa mai sauƙi kuma ku koyi yadda ake haɗa ƙimar ja, kore, da shuɗi don ƙirƙirar kowane launi, sarrafa kowane LED, da ƙirƙirar jerin haske masu motsi kamar tasirin haske na "tafiya". Wannan fasaha muhimmi ce don ƙara bayanan gani da hali ga ayyukan robotics ɗinku.

Sarrafa RGB LEDs fasaha ce ta asali ga kowane aikin robotics ko lantarki. Ga wasu abubuwa masu amfani da za ku iya ginawa da wannan ilimin:

• Alamomin Matsayi na Musamman: Yi amfani da launuka daban-daban don nuna yanayin robot ɗinku, kamar kore don "a shirye," shuɗi don "aiki," da ja don "kuskure."
• Tasirin Haske na Mu'amala: Ƙirƙiri tsarin haske na "chase" ko "knight rider" don robot mai ƙuzari da jan hankali.
• Bayanan Gani don Na'urori masu Auna: Shirya LEDs don canza launi bisa bayanan na'urar auna, kamar juya ja lokacin da cikas ke kusa ko shuɗi lokacin da yake bin layi.
• Hasken Yanayi: Saita LEDs zuwa launi na bazuwar ko wani launi na musamman don ƙirƙirar yanayi na musamman ga motarku ko wasu ayyuka.

Kayan Aiki/Abubuwan Haɗi

Wannan aikin yana amfani da abubuwan da ke cikin kayan aikin mota mai ƙafafu huɗu na SunFounder Raspberry Pi Pico. Babban abu shine tsiri na RGB LED da kansa, wanda Raspberry Pi Pico ke sarrafa shi.

• Raspberry Pi Pico
• Kayan aikin mota mai ƙafafu huɗu na SunFounder (wanda ya haɗa da tsiri na WS2812B RGB LED)
• Kunshin baturi na motar (don kunna LEDs, kamar yadda aka ambata a cikin bidiyon)

Jagorar Haɗin Waya

Darasin bidiyon bai yi cikakken bayani kan tsarin haɗin waya ba, saboda yana cikin ƙirar da aka riga aka haɗa ta kayan aikin motar. LEDs an riga an haɗa su da Raspberry Pi Pico. Don saitin na musamman, yawanci za ku haɗa fil ɗin bayanai na tsiri na WS2812B zuwa fil na GPIO a kan Pico, tare da wutar lantarki (5V) da ƙasa (GND). Tunda wannan darasin yana amfani da kayan aikin motar, babu buƙatar ƙarin haɗin waya.

Idan kuna gina wannan a kan breadboard, za ku haɗa layin bayanai na tsiri na LED ɗinku zuwa fil na GPIO (misali, GP0) kuma ku kunna shi da wutar lantarki ta waje ta 5V.

Bayanin Lambar

Darasin ya mayar da hankali kan amfani da ayyukan da aka riga aka rubuta daga ɗakin karatu na kayan aikin motar. Babban aikin sarrafa haskoki shine set_light_color(). Ana kiran wannan hanyar akan abin motar kuma tana ɗaukar manyan gardama biyu: lambar ID na haske da jerin ƙimar uku waɗanda ke wakiltar ƙarfin Ja, Kore, da Shuɗi (RGB).

Ga rarrabuwar yadda ake amfani da mahimman ayyukan da aka nuna a cikin bidiyon:

• car.set_light_color(LED_ID, [R, G, B]): Wannan ita ce hanya mafi kai tsaye don sarrafa kowane LED. LED_ID lamba ce daga 0 zuwa 23, kuma launi jerin ne kamar [255, 0, 0] don ja.
• Ayyukan Taimako na ɗakin Karatu: ɗakin karatun kayan aikin yana ba da ayyuka mafi girma kamar set_all_light_color(), set_bottom_left_color(), da set_bottom_right_color() don sarrafa ƙungiyoyin LEDs cikin sauƙi.

Don ƙirƙirar launi na musamman, za ku iya daidaita ƙimar uku a cikin jerin. Misali, [255, 255, 0] yana yin rawaya, [0, 255, 255] yana yin cyan, kuma [255, 0, 255] yana yin ruwan hoda ko magenta. Bidiyon yana nuna ƙirƙirar waɗannan launuka ta hanyar haɗa ƙimar RGB na asali.

Don launuka na bazuwar, za ku iya amfani da aikin random.randint(0, 255) don ƙirƙirar ƙimar bazuwar don R, G, da B, kamar yadda aka nuna a misalin "bazuwar." Wannan yana ba da launi na musamman, bazuwar ga kowane daga cikin LEDs 24.

Aikin Kai Tsaye/Nunawa

A cikin bidiyon, malami yana nuna ra'ayoyin kai tsaye. Ya fara nuna yadda ake kunna duk haskoki na ƙasa zuwa kore mai ƙarfi ta hanyar saita ƙimar RGB zuwa [0, 255, 0]. Sa'an nan, ya canza launi zuwa ja ta hanyar saita [255, 0, 0]. Nunin ya ci gaba da nuna yadda ake sarrafa kowane LED ta lambar ID ɗinsa (0-23) da saita launukansu daban.

Wani ɓangare mai muhimmanci na bidiyon an sadaukar da shi ga ƙirƙirar tasirin "haske mai tafiya." Ana yin wannan da madauki na for wanda ke maimaita daga 1 zuwa 24. A kowane maimaitawa, yana kunna LED na yanzu na wani lokaci (misali, millise seconds 300) sannan ya kashe shi na ɗan lokaci kaɗan (misali, millise seconds 10) kafin ya matsa zuwa na gaba. Wannan yana ƙirƙirar tunanin haske yana motsi a kan tsiri. Malami kuma ya nuna yadda ake daidaita saurin wannan tasirin ta hanyar canza ƙimar jinkiri.

A ƙarshe, ya nuna shirin "launi na bazuwar," wanda ke amfani da ɗakin karatun random don ƙirƙirar launi na musamman ga kowane daga cikin LEDs 24 a duk lokacin da lambar ke gudana, yana ƙirƙirar nunin launuka masu yawa da haske.

Babuka

• [00:00] Gabatarwa ga RGB LEDs da Kwas ɗin Smart Car
• [02:36] Fahimtar Tsarin Launi na RGB
• [05:00] Sarrafa Haskoki da Ayyukan ɗakin Karatu
• [09:01] Yadda ake Sarrafa Kowane LED (0-23)
• [13:08] Ƙirƙirar Tasirin Haske Mai Tafiya
• [15:32] Ƙirƙirar Launuka na Bazuwar ga Kowane LED