Lesson 5/31: Introduction to Arduino Data Types SunFounder Learning Kit
In this tutorial, we will explore the various data types available in Arduino programming, such as integers, floats, characters, and strings. Understanding these data types is essential for effective programming in Arduino, as they determine how data is stored and manipulated in memory. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid grasp of how to use these data types in your projects.
To illustrate these concepts, we will be using the SunFounder 3-in-1 Arduino kit, which comes with a variety of components and projects. This lesson will not only cover the theoretical aspects of data types but also provide practical examples through code snippets. For a visual explanation, be sure to check out the accompanying video (in video at 00:00).
Code Examples & Walkthrough
Now, let's delve into the code snippets that demonstrate the usage of various data types. In the setup function, we declare an integer variable age and calculate days based on the age:
int age = 36;
int days = age * 365;This snippet showcases how we can use integers to store whole numbers and perform calculations. The variable days is derived from multiplying age by 365, demonstrating basic arithmetic operations.
Next, we explore binary and hexadecimal representations. The following code stores a binary value in temperature and a hexadecimal value in year:
int temperature = B101101; // binary integer value 45
int year = 0x7E3; // hex value for 2019In this example, temperature is assigned a binary value using the B prefix, while year is defined with the 0x prefix to indicate it is in hexadecimal format. This illustrates how different bases can be used to represent the same numerical value.
Demonstration / What to Expect
After uploading the code to your Arduino, you can expect to see the printed output on the Serial Monitor. The output will display the age, days, temperature, and year in their respective formats. Make sure to set the baud rate to match the one defined in the code (9600 baud) for proper communication (in video at 14:30).
Common pitfalls include incorrect wiring that can lead to no output or unexpected results. Ensure all connections are secure, and double-check that the correct pins are used as per the code. If you see garbled characters in the Serial Monitor, verify the baud rate settings.
/*
* Lección 05-Tipos de datos 01
* Kit de coche inteligente 3 en 1 de SunFounder
* 📚⬇️ Página de descarga y recursos https://robojax.com/RJT588
* escrito por Ahmad Shamshiri
* ver la explicación completa en video https://youtu.be/xi9Hegk9M9k
* www.robojax.com
*/
void setup() {
int age = 36;
int days = age * 365;
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Robojax Step By Step Arduino Course");
// Robojax https://robojax.com/RJT588
Serial.print("Age:");
Serial.println(age);
Serial.print("Days:");
Serial.println(days);
Serial.println();
int temperature = B101101; // valor entero binario 45
Serial.print("B101101:");
Serial.println(temperature);
Serial.println();
int year = 0x7E3; // valor hexadecimal para 2019
Serial.print("0x7E3:");
Serial.println(year);
Serial.println();
}
void loop() {
// pon tu código principal aquí, para que se ejecute repetidamente:
// Curso de Arduino Paso a Paso de Robojax
}
/*
* Lección 05-Tipos de datos 02- Char
* Kit de Arduino 3 en 1 Smart Car de SunFounder
* 📚⬇️ Página de descarga y recursos https://robojax.com/RJT588
* escrito por Ahmad Shamshiri
* ver la explicación completa en video https://youtu.be/xi9Hegk9M9k
* www.robojax.com
*/
void setup() {
char grade = 'A';
char grade2 = 65;
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Robojax Step By Step Arduino Course");
// Curso de Arduino Paso a Paso de Robojax http://robojax.com/L/?id=338
Serial.println(grade);
Serial.println(grade2);
}
void loop() {
// pon tu código principal aquí, para ejecutar repetidamente:
}
/*
* Lección 05-Tipos de datos 03- Cloat
* Kit de Arduino Smart Car 3 en 1 de SunFounder
* 📚⬇️ Página de descarga y recursos https://robojax.com/RJT588
* escrito por Ahmad Shamshiri
* ver explicación completa en video https://youtu.be/xi9Hegk9M9k
* www.robojax.com
*/
void setup() {
float price= 4.35;
float quantity = 8;
float cost = price * quantity;
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Robojax Step By Step Arduino Course");
// Curso de Arduino Paso a Paso de Robojax http://robojax.com/L/?id=338
Serial.print("Price:");
Serial.println(price);
Serial.println(price, 4);
Serial.print("Quantity:");
Serial.println(quantity);
Serial.print("Cost:");
Serial.println(cost);
}
void loop() {
// pon tu código principal aquí, para ejecutarlo repetidamente:
}
/*
* Lección 05-Tipos de datos 04- booleano
* 📚⬇️ Página de descarga y recursos https://robojax.com/RJT588
* escrito por Ahmad Shamshiri
* ver explicación en video completo https://youtu.be/xi9Hegk9M9k
* www.robojax.com
*/
void setup() {
float price= 4.35;
float quantity = 8;
float cost = price * quantity;
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Robojax Step By Step Arduino Course");
// Curso de Arduino Paso a Paso de Robojax http://robojax.com/L/?id=338
Serial.print("Price:");
Serial.println(price);
Serial.println(price, 4);
Serial.print("Quantity:");
Serial.println(quantity);
Serial.print("Cost:");
Serial.println(cost);
}
void loop() {
// pon tu código principal aquí, para ejecutarlo repetidamente:
}
/*
* Lección 05-Tipos de datos 05-Cadena
* 📚⬇️ Página de descarga y recursos https://robojax.com/RJT588
* escrito por Ahmad Shamshiri
* mira la explicación del video completo https://youtu.be/xi9Hegk9M9k
* www.robojax.com
*/
void setup() {
String string1 = "Hello String"; // usando una cadena constante
String string2 = String('a'); // convirtiendo un carácter constante en una cadena
String string3 = String("This is a string"); // convertir una cadena constante en un objeto String
String string4 = String(string3 + " with more"); // concatenando dos cadenas
String string5 = String(13); // usando un entero constante
String string6 = String(45, HEX); // utilizando un entero y una base (hexadecimal)
String string7 = String(255, BIN); // usando un entero y una base (binaria)
String string8 = String(5.698, 2); // usando un float y los lugares decimales
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Robojax Step By Step Arduino Course");
// Curso de Arduino Paso a Paso de Robojax http://robojax.com/L/?id=338
Serial.print("String1:");
Serial.println(string1);
Serial.println();
Serial.print("String2:");
Serial.println(String('a'));
Serial.println();
Serial.print("string3:");
Serial.println(string3);
Serial.println();
Serial.print("string3 + \" with more\":");
Serial.println(string4);
Serial.println();
Serial.print("string5:");
Serial.println(string5);
Serial.println();
Serial.print("String(45, HEX):");
Serial.println(string6);
Serial.println();
Serial.print("String(255, BIN):");
Serial.println(string7);
Serial.println();
Serial.print("String(5.698, 3):");
Serial.println(string8);
Serial.println();
}
void loop() {
// pon tu código principal aquí, para ejecutarlo repetidamente:
}
/*
* Lección 05-Tipos de datos 04- Entero sin signo
* 📚⬇️ Página de descarga y recursos https://robojax.com/RJT588
* escrito por Ahmad Shamshiri
* mira la explicación completa en video https://youtu.be/xi9Hegk9M9k
* www.robojax.com
*/
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Robojax Step By Step Arduino Course");
// Curso de Arduino Paso a Paso de Robojax http://robojax.com/L/?id=338
unsigned int x = 456;
Serial.print("x: ");
Serial.println(x);
Serial.print("size of x (bytes): ");
Serial.println( sizeof(x) );
}
void loop() {
// pon tu código principal aquí, para ejecutar repetidamente:
}
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