Koyarwar ESP32 15/55 - Sarrafa Gudun Motar DC tare da ESP32 L293D | Kayan Koyon IoT na ESP32 na SunFounder

Koyarwar ESP32 15/55 - Sarrafa Gudun Motar DC tare da ESP32 L293D | Kundin Koyon IoT na SunFounder ESP32

Sarrafa motar DC tare da ESP32 na iya zama abin tsoro, amma yana da sauƙin sarrafawa idan kana da abubuwan da suka dace da fahimta. A cikin wannan koyarwar, za mu gina aikin da zai ba mu damar sarrafa gudun da alkiblar motar DC ta amfani da direban motar L293D. A ƙarshe, za ka sami tsarin aiki wanda zai iya juya motar gaba da baya yayin daidaita gudunta. Don samun misali na gani, tabbatar da duba bidiyon a (a cikin bidiyo a 00:00).

Bayanin Kayan Aiki

Babban abubuwan da ke cikin wannan aikin sun haɗa da microcontroller na ESP32 da direban motar L293D. ESP32 microcontroller ne mai ƙarfi wanda ke da Wi-Fi da Bluetooth da aka gina a ciki, wanda ya dace da aikace-aikacen IoT. Yana iya sarrafa abubuwa daban-daban na kayan aiki, gami da motoci, ta hanyar fil ɗin GPIO. L293D direban motar H-bridge biyu ne wanda ke ba ka damar sarrafa alkiblar da gudun motocin DC guda biyu. Kowane H-bridge na iya tuka mota a kowace alkibla ta hanyar juya polarity na ƙarfin lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi a tashoshin motar. Bugu da ƙari, L293D na iya ɗaukar wutar lantarki har zuwa 600 mA a kowane tashar, wanda ya sa ya dace da ƙananan da matsakaitan motoci.

Cikakkun Bayanai na Datasheet

• Tabbatar da ingantaccen zubar da zafi don aikace-aikacen babban wutar lantarki.
• Rarraba samar da wutar lantarki tare da capacitors don hana hawan ƙarfin lantarki.
• Yi taka tsantsan tare da wayoyi don hana juyar da polarity.
• Yi amfani da PWM don sarrafa gudun don guje wa zafi mai yawa.
• Duba ƙarfin lantarki da aka ƙididdige na motar don hana lalacewa.

Umarnin Haɗa Wayoyi

Don haɗa ESP32 da direban motar L293D, fara da haɗa wutar lantarki. Haɗa fil 16 na L293D zuwa tashar tabbatacciya ta samar da wutar lantarki, da fil 4 zuwa ƙasa. Na gaba, haɗa motar: tashar ɗaya zuwa fil 3 da ɗayan zuwa fil 6 akan L293D. Don siginonin sarrafawa, haɗa fil GPIO 13 na ESP32 zuwa fil 2 akan L293D da fil GPIO 14 zuwa fil 7. A ƙarshe, tabbatar da haɗa ƙasa na ESP32 zuwa ƙasa na L293D don tabbatar da ma'anar gama gari. Idan bidiyon ya ambaci madadin haɗa wayoyi (a cikin bidiyo a 05:00), tabbatar da bin takamaiman canje-canjen da aka nuna.

Misalan Lamba & Bayani

Lambar don sarrafa motar ta ƙunshi ayyana fil ɗin motar da saita yanayinsu. Ga wani ɓangare daga aikin saitin:

#define motor1A 13
#define motor2A 14

void setup() {
  pinMode(motor1A, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor2A, OUTPUT);  
}

A cikin wannan ɓangaren, muna ayyana fil ɗin sarrafa motar a matsayin masu ɗorewa kuma mu saita su a matsayin fitarwa a cikin aikin saitin. Wannan yana da mahimmanci domin yana shirya fil ɗin don sarrafa motar. Aikin zagaye shine inda ake sarrafa halayen motar. Ga wani muhimmin ɓangare na zagaye:

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(motor1A, HIGH);     
  digitalWrite(motor2A, LOW);   
  delay(2000); 

  digitalWrite(motor1A, LOW);     
  digitalWrite(motor2A, HIGH);    
  delay(2000); 

  digitalWrite(motor1A, LOW);     
  digitalWrite(motor2A, LOW);    
  delay(3000);
}

Wannan lambar tana juya motar a wata alkibla don daƙiƙa 2, sannan ta juya alkiblar don wasu daƙiƙa 2, kuma a ƙarshe ta dakatar da motar don daƙiƙa 3. Wannan zagaye zai maimaita har abada, yana ba da damar sarrafawa ta ci gaba. Don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai da cikakken lambar, koma ga cikakken shirin da ke ɗauke da ƙasa da labarin.

Nunawa / Abin da za ka Yi Tsammani

Bayan nasarar haɗa wayoyi da ɗora lambar, ya kamata ka ga motar tana juya a wata alkibla don daƙiƙa 2, ta canza alkibla don wasu daƙiƙa 2, sannan ta tsaya don daƙiƙa 3. Idan motar ba ta amsa kamar yadda ake tsammani ba, duba don matsalolin gama gari kamar juyar da polarity ko haɗin fil ɗin da ba daidai ba (a cikin bidiyo a 08:00). Wannan tsarin yana ba da hanya mai sauƙi don sarrafa gudun da alkiblar motar DC ta amfani da ESP32 da L293D.

Lokutan Bidiyo

• 00:00 Fara
• 2:01 Gabatarwa ga motar DC
• 6:14 Direban motar L293D
• 9:17 Takardun aikin.
• 11:04 Bayanin haɗin wayoyi
• 14:41 Sarrafa motar Arduino tare da ESP32
• 17:10 Zaɓin tashoshin Arduino don allon ESP32
• 18:52 Nunin aikin
• 22:08 Sarrafa saurin mota ta amfani da ESP32
• 26:22 Nunin sarrafa saurin
• 28:01 Lambar Arduino don sarrafa sauri da alkibla
• 29:05 Nunin sauri da alkibla

Hotuna

L293D-Motor-Driver-IC

ESP32-15_L293D_motor_schematic

ESP32-15_L293D_motor_wiring

L293D-Motor-Driver-IC

ESP32-15_L293D_motor_schematic

ESP32-15_L293D_motor_wiring

#define motor1A 13
#define motor2A 14

// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board
void setup() {
  // initialize digital pin as an output.
  pinMode(motor1A, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor2A, OUTPUT);  
}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {
  
  // Rotate
  digitalWrite(motor1A, HIGH);     
  digitalWrite(motor2A, LOW);   
  delay(2000); 

  // Rotate in the opposite direction
  digitalWrite(motor1A, LOW);     
  digitalWrite(motor2A, HIGH);    
  delay(2000); 

  // Stop
  digitalWrite(motor1A, LOW);     
  digitalWrite(motor2A, LOW);    
  delay(3000);
}