Darasi na 3/31: Aikin LED Blink, Menene Breadboard, LED da Resistor ta Amfani da SunFounder Kit

Darasi na 3/31: Aikin LED Blink, Menene Breadboard, LED da Resistor ta Amfani da SunFounder Kit

A cikin wannan darasi, za mu bincika muhimman ra'ayoyi na amfani da allon Arduino, tare da mai da hankali kan aikin LED Blink. Wannan aikin zai taimaka maka ka fahimci yadda ake haɗa kayan aiki kamar LED da resistor a kan breadboard, da kuma yadda ake rubuta lambar da ta dace don sa LED ya yi walƙiya. A ƙarshen wannan koyarwar, za ka sami fahimtar aiki na asali na lantarki da shirye-shirye tare da Arduino.

Aikin LED Blink kyakkyawan mafari ne ga masu farawa. Ya ƙunshi haɗa LED da resistor zuwa allon Arduino da rubuta wani shiri mai sauƙi don sarrafa yanayin walƙiya na LED. Wannan motsa jiki ba kawai yana koya maka game da tsarin coding ba, har ma game da kayan aikin da ake amfani da su a cikin lantarki, kamar LEDs da resistors. Don ƙarin bayani, da fatan za a koma ga bidiyon (a cikin bidiyo a 00:00).

Resistor da LED Bayani

A cikin wannan aikin, za ka buƙaci ƴan muhimman kayan aiki: allon Arduino Uno, breadboard, LED, da resistor (220 Ohm). Allon Arduino yana aiki a matsayin kwakwalwar aikin, yana aiwatar da lambar da ke sarrafa LED. Ana amfani da breadboard don ƙirƙirar da'irar ba tare da soldering ba, yana ba ka damar haɗa da cire kayan aiki cikin sauƙi.

LED (Light Emitting Diode) wani na'urar semiconductor ne da ke fitar da haske lokacin da wutar lantarki ke gudana ta cikinsa. Resistor wani abu ne mai wucewa wanda ke iyakance wutar da ke gudana ta cikin LED don hana shi ƙonewa. A cikin wannan aikin, LED zai buƙaci kusan volts 2 don aiki, kuma resistor yana taimakawa wajen sarrafa wutar daga samar da volts 5 na Arduino.

Bayanan Datasheet

• Yi amfani da resistor na 220 Ohm don iyakance wutar ga LED.
• Haɗa anode (doguwar ƙafar) na LED zuwa gefen tabbatacce na da'irar.
• Cathode (gajeriyar ƙafar) ya kamata a haɗa shi zuwa ƙasa.
• Tabbatar da daidaitaccen polarity lokacin haɗa LED.
• Sake duba haɗin kai a kan breadboard kafin kunna da'irar.

Umarnin Waya

Don haɗa aikin LED Blink, fara da sanya LED a kan breadboard. Saka doguwar ƙafar (anode) a cikin ɗaya daga cikin layuka a kan breadboard. Na gaba, haɗa resistor na 220 Ohm zuwa layin da anode ke haɗe. Ƙarshen resistor ya kamata ya tafi zuwa layin da ba a cika ba a kan breadboard. Wannan zai haɗa zuwa pin 9 a kan Arduino.

Yanzu, ɗauki waya ka haɗa shi daga layin da resistor ke haɗe zuwa pin 9 a kan allon Arduino. Ga cathode (gajeriyar ƙafar) na LED, haɗa shi zuwa layin ƙasa a kan breadboard, wanda kuma aka haɗa shi zuwa pin GND a kan Arduino. Tabbatar cewa haɗin ƙasa sun amintu don guje wa duk wata matsala lokacin da aka kunna da'irar.

Misalan Code & Walkthrough

Bari mu duba tsarin code na aikin LED Blink. Shirin ya ƙunshi manyan ayyuka biyu: setup() da loop(). Aikin setup() yana gudana sau ɗaya lokacin da aka kunna Arduino ko aka sake saita shi, kuma yana fara pin na LED.

void setup() {
  pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
}

A cikin aikin setup(), muna amfani da pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT) don saita pin na LED da aka gina a ciki a matsayin fitarwa. Wannan yana ba Arduino damar sarrafa LED ta hanyar aika sigina mai girma ko ƙasa.

Na gaba, aikin loop() yana gudana akai-akai, yana kunna da kashe LED tare da jinkiri.

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);  // kunna LED
  delay(1000);                      // jira na daƙiƙa ɗaya
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);   // kashe LED
  delay(1000);                      // jira na daƙiƙa ɗaya
}

A cikin wannan ɓangaren, digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH) yana aika sigina mai girma zuwa LED, yana kunna shi. Shirin sai ya jira millisekunn 1000 (daƙiƙa 1) kafin ya kashe LED da digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW). Wannan zagayowar yana maimaita har abada, yana haifar da sakamako na kyalkyali.

Nunawa / Abin da za ka Yi Tsammani

Da zarar ka haɗa kayan aikin kuma ka loda lambar zuwa Arduino, ya kamata ka ga LED yana kyalkyali yana kunne da kashewa a tazarar daƙiƙa ɗaya. Idan LED bai haskaka ba, duba haɗin ka don tabbatar da daidaiton polarity kuma ka tabbatar an haɗa resistor daidai. Idan ka sami kyalkyali mai sauri, za ka iya daidaita ƙimar jinkiri a cikin lambar don canza saurin kyalkyali (a cikin bidiyo a 10:00).

Lokutan Bidiyo

• 00:00 Gabatarwa
• 1:33 Arduino Setup() da Loop()
• 4:44 Bayanin Arduino UNO
• 7:09 Menene resistor?
• 15:52 Menene LED
• 17:57 Lissafin ƙimar resistor don LED
• 20:15 Aikin LED na ciki
• 26:27 Aikin kyalkyali na LED (Hello LED)

Hotuna

Arduino-lesson-3-LED

Arduino-lesson-3-LED-2

Arduino-lesson-3-LED-3

Arduino-lesson-3-LED-calculating-resistor-value

Arduino-lesson-3-Resistor-color

Arduino-lesson-3-Resistor-color-2

Arduino-lesson-3-LED-main

Arduino-lesson-3-LED-wiring

Arduino-lesson-3-LED

Arduino-lesson-3-LED-2

Arduino-lesson-3-LED-3

Arduino-lesson-3-LED-calculating-resistor-value

Arduino-lesson-3-Resistor-color

Arduino-lesson-3-Resistor-color-2

Arduino-lesson-3-LED-main

Arduino-lesson-3-LED-wiring

// the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board
void setup() {
  // initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output.
  pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
}

// the loop function runs over and over again forever
void loop() {
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);  // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level)
  delay(1000);                      // wait for a second
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);   // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW
  delay(1000);                      // wait for a second
}